大豆制品与前列腺癌的关联：观察性研究的系统评价和荟萃分析。

Association between soy products and prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

机构信息

Department of Urology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

出版信息

Investig Clin Urol. 2024 Nov;65(6):540-550. doi: 10.4111/icu.20240186.

DOI:10.4111/icu.20240186

PMID:39505513

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11543648/

Abstract

PURPOSE

The effect of soy products on prostate cancer (PCA) remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between soy products consumption and the incidence of PCA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A search was conducted in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2023. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association.

RESULTS

A total of 22 articles, comprising 1,409,213 participants, were included for this meta-analysis. The results indicate that soy products reduce the risk of PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.91-0.97, p<0.001), especially in cases of localized or low-grade PCA (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90-0.97, p<0.001), but exhibit no effect on non-localized or high-grade PCA (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.91-1.01, p=0.085). Furthermore, increased consumption frequency was negatively associated with PCA risk. Specifically, soy products can reduce the risk of PCA in African Americans (OR=0.89, p=0.006) and Latinos (OR=0.93, p=0.036), but have no impact on Japanese (OR=0.99, p=0.655), Chinese (OR=0.90, p=0.155), and Whites (OR=0.96, p=0.133). Non-fermented soy products were associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of PCA (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.90-0.96, p<0.001), while fermented soy products had no effect on the incidence rate of PCA (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.98-1.22, p=0.096).

CONCLUSIONS

The consumption of soy products can reduce the overall risk of PCA among men. Various factors, including soy products-related factors (e.g., consumption, frequency), population-related factors (e.g., race), and PCA-related factors (e.g., PCA stage) collectively influence the effect of soy products on PCA.

摘要

目的

大豆制品对前列腺癌（PCA）的影响仍是一个有争议的话题。本研究旨在探讨大豆制品的摄入与 PCA 发病风险之间的关联。

材料和方法

检索 PubMed、EBSCO、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库，检索时间截至 2023 年 12 月。采用调整后的比值比（OR）和相应的 95%置信区间（CI）评估相关性。

结果

共纳入 22 项研究，包含 1409213 名参与者，用于此次荟萃分析。结果表明，大豆制品可降低 PCA 的发病风险（OR=0.94，95%CI=0.91-0.97，p<0.001），尤其是对于局限性或低级别 PCA（OR=0.94，95%CI=0.90-0.97，p<0.001），但对非局限性或高级别 PCA 无影响（OR=0.96，95%CI=0.91-1.01，p=0.085）。此外，增加食用频率与 PCA 发病风险呈负相关。具体而言，大豆制品可降低非裔美国人（OR=0.89，p=0.006）和拉丁裔（OR=0.93，p=0.036）的 PCA 发病风险，但对日本人（OR=0.99，p=0.655）、中国人（OR=0.90，p=0.155）和白人（OR=0.96，p=0.133）无影响。非发酵大豆制品与 PCA 发病率降低相关（OR=0.93，95%CI=0.90-0.96，p<0.001），而发酵大豆制品对 PCA 发病率无影响（OR=1.10，95%CI=0.98-1.22，p=0.096）。