Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK.
Department of Paediatrics, Royal United Hospital Bath, Bath, UK.
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2024 Dec;20(12):795-808. doi: 10.1038/s41584-024-01181-x. Epub 2024 Nov 6.
Uveitis encompasses multiple different conditions that are all characterized by intra-ocular inflammation. Uveitis occurs in the context of many different rheumatological conditions and carries a substantial risk to vision. Uveitis can develop both at the early stages of rheumatic diseases, sometimes even preceding other clinical features, and at later stages of disease. Uveitis can also occur as either a direct or an indirect complication of therapies used to treat patients with rheumatic disease. Conversely, patients with uveitis of non-rheumatic aetiology sometimes require immunosuppression, a treatment option that is not readily accessible to ophthalmologists. Thus, collaborative working between rheumatologists and ophthalmologists is critical for optimal management of patients with uveitis. This Review is written with rheumatologists in mind, to assist in the care of patients with uveitis. We collate and summarize the latest evidence and best practice in the diagnosis, management and prognostication of uveitis, including future trends and research priorities.
葡萄膜炎是多种不同疾病的统称，这些疾病的共同特征是眼内炎症。葡萄膜炎可发生于多种不同的风湿性疾病背景下，对视功能存在较大风险。葡萄膜炎可在风湿性疾病的早期阶段出现，有时甚至先于其他临床特征出现，也可在疾病的晚期阶段出现。葡萄膜炎还可作为风湿性疾病治疗中使用的药物的直接或间接并发症而发生。相反，患有非风湿性病因的葡萄膜炎的患者有时需要免疫抑制治疗，而这种治疗方案对眼科医生来说并不容易获得。因此，风湿科医生和眼科医生之间的协作对于葡萄膜炎患者的最佳管理至关重要。本综述主要面向风湿科医生，以帮助他们诊治葡萄膜炎患者。我们对葡萄膜炎的诊断、治疗和预后的最新证据和最佳实践进行了整理和总结，包括未来的趋势和研究重点。
