Dryahina Kseniya, Polášek Miroslav, Jašík Juraj, Sovová Kristýna, Španěl Patrik
J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
Mass Spectrom Rev. 2024 Nov 6. doi: 10.1002/mas.21914.
Dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) sources, employing low-temperature plasma, have emerged as sensitive and efficient ionization tools with various atmospheric pressure ionization processes. In this review, we summarize a historical overview of the development of DBDI, highlighting key principles of gas-phase ion chemistry and the mechanisms underlying the ionization processes within the DBDI source. These processes start with the formation of reagent ions or metastable atoms from the discharge gas, which depends on the nature of the gas (helium, nitrogen, air) and on the presence of water vapor or other compounds or dopants. The processes of ionizing the analyte molecules are summarized, including Penning ionization, electron transfer, proton transfer and ligand switching from secondary hydrated hydronium ions. Presently, the DBDI-MS methods face a challenge in the accurate quantification of gaseous analytes, limiting its broader application in biological, environmental, and medical realms where relative quantification using standards is inherently complex for gaseous matrices. Finally, we propose future avenues of research to enhance the analytical capabilities of DBDI-MS.
采用低温等离子体的介质阻挡放电电离（DBDI）源已成为一种灵敏且高效的电离工具，可实现多种大气压电离过程。在本综述中，我们总结了DBDI发展的历史概况，重点介绍了气相离子化学的关键原理以及DBDI源内电离过程的潜在机制。这些过程始于从放电气体中形成试剂离子或亚稳态原子，这取决于气体的性质（氦气、氮气、空气）以及水蒸气或其他化合物或掺杂剂的存在。总结了分析物分子的电离过程，包括潘宁电离、电子转移、质子转移以及从二级水合水合氢离子的配体交换。目前，DBDI-MS方法在气态分析物的准确定量方面面临挑战，限制了其在生物、环境和医学领域的更广泛应用，在这些领域中，使用标准进行相对定量对于气态基质而言本质上较为复杂。最后，我们提出了未来的研究方向，以增强DBDI-MS的分析能力。
