Nippon Medical School, Department of Neuropsychiatry, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Nov 6;24(1):774. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06234-9.
Teenage suicide-related behaviors have been highlighted in Japan in recent years, but the background factors and characteristics of these behaviors have not been clarified. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of teenage suicide attempters who were admitted to an emergency room.
The subjects were suicide attempters in their teens and twenties who were admitted to the Critical Care Medical Center of Nippon Medical School Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021. The means of suicide attempt, sociodemographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, and causes and motives for suicide attempts were retrospectively examined from medical records. Teenage suicide attempters were compared to those in their twenties in regard to the acquired data, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence on teenage suicide attempts by the aspects that have been shown to be closely associated with teenage suicides.
Among 860 suicide attempters between 2010 and 2021, 59 (6.9%) were teenage suicide attempters and 216 (25.1%) were suicide attempters in their twenties. The large number of females, the history of self-harm, the great number of drug overdoses as a means of attempting suicide, and the large number of individuals with psychiatric disorders, especially with mood disorders and personality disorders, were commonly shared by suicide attempters both in their teens and twenties. On the other hand, family problems, school problems and autism spectrum disorder significantly influenced mostly teenage suicide attempters.
It was suggested that teenage suicide attempters may have attempted suicide due to environmental difficulties and conflicts about not being able to escape from them. It has become clear that teenage suicide attempters have unique characteristics and background factors, and that it is important to take these into account when taking measures to prevent teenage suicides.
近年来，日本青少年自杀相关行为受到关注，但这些行为的背景因素和特征尚未明确。因此，我们调查了因自杀未遂而被送往急诊室的青少年自杀者的特征。
本研究的对象为 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间被收入日本医科大学附属医院急救医疗中心的青少年和 20 多岁的自杀未遂者。从病历中回顾性检查了自杀未遂的手段、社会人口学数据、精神科诊断以及自杀未遂的原因和动机。将青少年自杀未遂者与 20 多岁的自杀未遂者进行比较，并对已被证明与青少年自杀密切相关的方面进行逻辑回归分析，以评估其对青少年自杀未遂的影响。
在 2010 年至 2021 年间的 860 名自杀未遂者中，有 59 名（6.9%）为青少年自杀未遂者，216 名（25.1%）为 20 多岁的自杀未遂者。青少年和 20 多岁的自杀未遂者都有大量女性、有自残史、大量药物过量作为自杀手段，以及大量精神障碍，特别是情绪障碍和人格障碍。另一方面，家庭问题、学校问题和自闭症谱系障碍对青少年自杀未遂者的影响更为显著。
这表明青少年自杀未遂者可能是由于无法摆脱环境困难和冲突而自杀。很明显，青少年自杀未遂者有其独特的特征和背景因素，在采取措施预防青少年自杀时，考虑这些因素非常重要。
