Department of Hospital Infection-control, the First Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, China.
Department of Psychology, the First Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 29 Yilong West Road, Longhua District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570102, China.
BMC Psychol. 2023 Jul 5;11(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01227-x.
To summarize the general status of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviour and the characteristics of junior high school students and to determine the risk factors associated with NSSI behaviour.
Five middle schools in the rural and urban areas of Hainan Province were randomly selected for this cross-sectional study, and junior high school students were administered questionnaires, including the General Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Ottawa Self-Injury Scale, Anxiety Self-Rating Scale, Depression Self-Rating Scale, Adolescent Lifestyle Scale, and Parenting Style Scale.
The NSSI rate among junior high school students in Hainan Province was 28.9%, with a higher prevalence among girls than boys (P < 0.05). The age range was 11-16 years, with a mean age of 13.08 ± 0.911 years. The most common form of self-injury was scratching/bruising, followed by hitting oneself, pulling out hair, biting, head banging, and cutting. The NSSI methods of scratching/bruising, hitting oneself and cutting more commonly occurred in girls than boys (P < 0.05). The most common sites of self-injury were the face, scalp, lips, forearm/elbow, axilla/wrist, hands/fingers, and thighs/knees. Significant differences were observed in the distribution of self-injury sites (nose, lips, genitals, and axillae/wrists) between the two genders (p < 0.05). The most important motivation for undertaking NSSI behaviours was to release negative emotions. The risk factors affecting NSSI behaviours were female gender (OR = 1.793), depression (OR = 1.961), anxiety (OR = 1.495), interpersonal relationship factors (OR = 1.099), academic stress factors (OR = 1.062), maternal emotional warmth (OR = 0.97), and maternal overinterference (OR = 1.036).
The NSSI rate among junior high school students in Hainan was 28.9%, affecting girls more than boys. The form and site of self-injury between boys and girls were significantly different. The motivation for committing self-injurious behaviours was mainly to regulate bad emotions. Risk factors for NSSI behaviours included female gender, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationship factors, academic stress factors, and maternal emotional overinterference, while maternal emotional warmth was a protective factor.
总结非自杀性自伤（NSSI）行为的一般状况和初中生的特点，并确定与 NSSI 行为相关的危险因素。
本横断面研究在海南省的农村和城市地区随机选择了 5 所中学，对初中生进行了问卷调查，包括一般社会人口学问卷、渥太华自我伤害量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、青少年生活方式量表和父母教养方式量表。
海南省初中生 NSSI 发生率为 28.9%，女生高于男生（P<0.05）。年龄范围为 11-16 岁，平均年龄为 13.08±0.911 岁。最常见的自伤形式是抓挠/瘀伤，其次是打自己、拔头发、咬、撞头和割伤。抓挠/瘀伤、打自己和割伤的 NSSI 方法更常见于女生（P<0.05）。最常见的自伤部位是面部、头皮、嘴唇、前臂/肘部、腋窝/手腕、手/手指和大腿/膝盖。男女两性在自伤部位（鼻子、嘴唇、生殖器和腋窝/手腕）的分布存在显著差异（p<0.05）。进行 NSSI 行为的最重要动机是释放负面情绪。影响 NSSI 行为的危险因素是女性（OR=1.793）、抑郁（OR=1.961）、焦虑（OR=1.495）、人际关系因素（OR=1.099）、学业压力因素（OR=1.062）、母亲情感温暖（OR=0.97）和母亲过度干预（OR=1.036）。
海南省初中生 NSSI 发生率为 28.9%，女生多于男生。男女两性的自伤形式和部位存在显著差异。进行自伤行为的动机主要是调节不良情绪。NSSI 行为的危险因素包括女性、焦虑、抑郁、人际关系因素、学业压力因素和母亲情感过度干预，而母亲情感温暖是保护因素。
