Heffner H E, Heffner R S
J Neurophysiol. 1986 Feb;55(2):256-71. doi: 10.1152/jn.1986.55.2.256.
The hearing ability of five Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) was assessed following two-stage bilateral auditory cortex lesions. The animals were tested using a shock-avoidance procedure with a conditioned-suppression procedure used for comparison in two cases. The animals initially were unable to respond to sound, and the first signs of hearing appeared as late as 13 wk after surgery. Hearing levels improved gradually over time, with maximal recovery reached at 24-35 wk after surgery. Recovery was most pronounced for low frequencies (63-250 Hz) and very high frequencies (32 kHz), which generally returned to normal or near-normal levels. However, the monkeys appeared to have suffered a permanent hearing loss throughout most of their hearing range, especially in the midfrequency range, where they are normally most sensitive. A review of the animal literature reveals little support for the previous view that bilateral auditory cortex lesions have little or no effect on absolute sensitivity in primates and carnivores. Most previous studies did not conduct detailed hearing tests, and those that did often noted a hearing loss. The hearing loss found in monkeys is similar to that noted in human cases following bilateral auditory cortex lesions. The current findings thus provide experimental verification of the clinical phenomenon of cortical deafness.
在双侧听觉皮层进行两阶段损伤后，对五只日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata）的听力能力进行了评估。使用电击回避程序对动物进行测试，在两例中使用条件抑制程序进行比较。动物最初无法对声音做出反应，最早在手术后13周才出现听力的最初迹象。随着时间的推移，听力水平逐渐提高，在手术后24 - 35周达到最大恢复程度。低频（63 - 250 Hz）和极高频（32 kHz）的恢复最为明显，这些频率通常恢复到正常或接近正常水平。然而，这些猴子在其大部分听力范围内似乎遭受了永久性听力损失，尤其是在它们通常最敏感的中频范围内。对动物文献的回顾表明，几乎没有支持先前观点的证据，即双侧听觉皮层损伤对灵长类动物和食肉动物的绝对敏感性几乎没有影响。以前的大多数研究没有进行详细的听力测试，而那些进行了测试的研究往往也注意到了听力损失。在猴子身上发现的听力损失与双侧听觉皮层损伤后的人类病例中所观察到的相似。因此，目前的研究结果为皮层性耳聋的临床现象提供了实验验证。
