Lopes Marcos Antonio, Junior Alberto Stoppe, Neto Ylmar Correa, D'Orsi Eleonora
Internal Medicine Department Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil.
Psychiatry Department Regional Hospital of São José São José Brazil.
Aging Med (Milton). 2024 Oct 14;7(5):571-579. doi: 10.1002/agm2.12362. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dementia among older adults from Florianópolis, in the Southern Region of Brazil.
Data were originally drawn from the Epifloripa Aging Cohort Study, a representative and community-based survey designed to evaluate older people's health. This cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: the community-screening phase, in which the Mini-Mental State Examination and a multifunctional scale were administered to older subjects and close informants, respectively; and the hospital-diagnosis phase, when the Cambridge Examination and the National Institute on Aging criteria were used. Adjustment for screening accuracy was made in order to estimate dementia prevalence.
Of 1184 subjects evaluated in the community, 243 were screened for the diagnosis phase, in which 47 were identified with dementia, resulting in a crude prevalence of 4.5% (95% CI: 3.241-5.758) and an estimated prevalence of 9.2% (95% CI: 7.446-10.954). Dementia was associated with older ages, lower education levels, and the presence of stroke. Mild alcohol use (in comparison with no alcohol use), community-group practice, internet use and a higher level of physical activity, rather than education, decreased the odds ratio for dementia. Education was directly associated with these lifestyle habits.
Prevalence was lower than that in previous studies in the country, and multivariate analysis reinforced the importance of lifestyle in preventing cognitive disorders in the older population.
本研究旨在调查巴西南部地区弗洛里亚诺波利斯市老年人中痴呆症的患病率。
数据最初来自弗洛里帕衰老队列研究，这是一项具有代表性的基于社区的调查，旨在评估老年人的健康状况。这项横断面研究分两个阶段进行：社区筛查阶段，在此阶段分别对老年受试者和亲密 informant 进行简易精神状态检查和多功能量表评估；医院诊断阶段，使用剑桥检查和美国国立衰老研究所标准。为了估计痴呆症患病率，对筛查准确性进行了调整。
在社区评估的 1184 名受试者中，243 人进入诊断阶段筛查，其中 47 人被确诊为痴呆症，粗患病率为 4.5%（95%置信区间：3.241 - 5.758），估计患病率为 9.2%（95%置信区间：7.446 - 10.954）。痴呆症与年龄较大、教育水平较低和中风的存在有关。轻度饮酒（与不饮酒相比）、社区团体活动、使用互联网和较高水平的身体活动，而非教育，降低了患痴呆症的比值比。教育与这些生活方式习惯直接相关。
患病率低于该国先前的研究，多变量分析强化了生活方式在预防老年人群认知障碍方面的重要性。
