Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 7;19(11):e0310411. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310411. eCollection 2024.
Although research indicates that self-reported interoception is associated with deficits in identifying and describing emotional experience, and externally oriented thinking styles (alexithymia), this relationship appears moderated by how interoception is measured. A systematic review and meta-analyses examined the association between self-reported interoception and alexithymia, investigating how different interoceptive questionnaires relate to alexithymia at global and facet levels. PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched with predefined terms related to self-reported interoception and alexithymia. Three reviewers independently assessed articles, extracted data, and undertook risk of bias assessment. Thirty-two cross-sectional studies published between 1996 and 2023 were included. Random-effects meta-analyses and narrative synthesis indicated that global alexithymia was positively associated with measures of interoceptive confusion, autonomic nervous system reactivity, and heightened interoceptive attention, and inversely associated with interoceptive accuracy and adaptive interoception, indexed by composite Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness scores, but particularly interoceptive trusting, self-regulation, and attention regulation. These patterns were observed for alexithymic facets and stronger in magnitude for difficulty identifying feelings and difficulty describing feelings, relative to externally oriented thinking. Overall, results suggested that the association between self-reported interoception and alexithymia differs as a function of the interoceptive self-report. The review highlighted issues with construct definition and operationalisation and determined that existing interoceptive self-reports broadly capture maladaptive and adaptive sensing, attention, interpretation, and memory. The findings underscore the importance of specifying interoceptive constructs and using appropriate assessments to improve convergence between constructs and measurements, further suggesting potential clinical utility in using existing self-reports to measure interoception and alexithymia, facilitating interventions targeting mind-body connections.
尽管研究表明，自我报告的内感受与识别和描述情绪体验的缺陷以及外向思维模式（述情障碍）有关，但这种关系似乎受到内感受测量方式的调节。本系统评价和荟萃分析研究了自我报告的内感受与述情障碍之间的关联，调查了不同的内感受问卷在整体和方面水平上与述情障碍的关系。使用与自我报告的内感受和述情障碍相关的预定义术语，在 PsychINFO、PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了搜索。三位审稿人独立评估文章、提取数据并进行偏倚风险评估。共纳入了 1996 年至 2023 年期间发表的 32 项横断面研究。随机效应荟萃分析和叙述性综合表明，整体述情障碍与内感受混淆、自主神经系统反应性和增强的内感受注意力的测量指标呈正相关，与内感受准确性和适应性内感受呈负相关，由多维内感受意识综合评估量表指标，但特别是内感受信任、自我调节和注意力调节。这些模式在述情障碍方面和外向思维方面观察到，相对于外向思维，在识别情绪困难和描述情绪困难方面更为显著。总体而言，结果表明，自我报告的内感受与述情障碍之间的关联因内感受自我报告的不同而有所不同。该综述强调了构建定义和操作化方面的问题，并确定现有的内感受自我报告广泛地捕捉了适应不良和适应性感知、注意力、解释和记忆。这些发现强调了指定内感受结构和使用适当评估来提高结构和测量之间的收敛性的重要性，进一步表明在使用现有自我报告测量内感受和述情障碍方面具有潜在的临床实用性，促进针对身心联系的干预措施。
