Laptev D N, Bezlepkina O B, Sheshko E L, Aleksandrova G A, Chumakova O V, Krestovskaya N M, Kulaev A Sh, Peterkova V A
Endocrinology Research Centre.
Department of Medical Care for Children, Maternity Services and Public Health.
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2024 Nov 4;70(5):76-83. doi: 10.14341/probl13515.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common form of diabetes mellitus in childhood, where, unlike in adults, it accounts for more than 90% of all cases of diabetes. The constant change in the epidemiology of T1DM with significant differences in populations and regions requires systematic data collection and analysis for timely monitoring of T1DM trends.
Analysis of the main epidemiological indicators of T1DM in children in the Russian Federation over the past 10 years - from 2014 to 2023.
The object of the study was the data obtained from the federal statistical observation form No. 12 «Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization» for the period from 2014 to 2023. The prevalence (total number of registered cases) and incidence (cases with a diagnosis established for the first time) of T1DM (ICD-10 code: E10) were analyzed in children in three age groups: from 0 to 14 years, from 15 to 17 years, and combined from 0 to 17 years (inclusive).
Over the analyzed period, the prevalence of T1DM increased steadily from 238.6 in 2014 to 374.2 cases per 100,000 children in 2023. The prevalence of T1DM in adolescents from 15 to 17 years was higher than in children and amounted to 120.3-203.2 cases per 100,000 adolescents, while in children under 14 years of age, the prevalence was 100.1-172.2 cases per 100,000 children. The annual increase in the prevalence of T1DM averaged 6.3% (95% CI 4.9-7.8). The incidence of T1DM during the analyzed period was 19.1-27.2 cases per 100,000 children and also had a general tendency toward an annual increase in new cases. At the same time, over the past three years, there has been a relative stabilization of incidence rates at 26.5-27.2 per 100,000 children. The annual increase in incidence averaged 4.9% (95% CI 0.9-8.9). The greatest increase in the incidence of T1DM was observed in regions with low incidence.
The epidemiology of T1DM in the Russian Federation is characterized by significant regional and dynamic changes. Over the period 2014-2023, the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children has increased significantly, increasing annually by an average of 5%, while there has been a relative stabilization of incidence rates over the past three years.
1型糖尿病(T1DM)是儿童期最常见的糖尿病类型,与成人不同,它占所有糖尿病病例的90%以上。T1DM的流行病学不断变化,不同人群和地区存在显著差异,因此需要系统地收集和分析数据,以便及时监测T1DM的趋势。
分析2014年至2023年过去10年俄罗斯联邦儿童T1DM的主要流行病学指标。
研究对象是从联邦统计观察表12《医疗组织服务区域内患者登记疾病数量信息》中获取的2014年至2023年期间的数据。分析了三个年龄组儿童T1DM(ICD-10编码:E10)的患病率(登记病例总数)和发病率(首次确诊病例):0至14岁、15至17岁以及0至17岁(含)。
在分析期内,T1DM的患病率从2014年的238.6稳步上升至2023年的每10万名儿童374.2例。15至17岁青少年的T1DM患病率高于儿童,为每10万名青少年120.3 - 203.2例,而14岁以下儿童的患病率为每10万名儿童100.1 - 172.2例。T1DM患病率的年平均增长率为6.3%(95%置信区间4.9 - 7.8)。分析期内T1DM的发病率为每10万名儿童19.1 - 27.2例,新发病例也总体呈逐年上升趋势。与此同时,在过去三年中,发病率相对稳定在每10万名儿童26.5 - 27.2例。发病率的年平均增长率为4.9%(95%置信区间0.9 - 8.9)。T1DM发病率增长最大的是在发病率较低的地区。
俄罗斯联邦T1DM的流行病学特点是存在显著的地区差异和动态变化。在2014 - 2023年期间,儿童1型糖尿病的发病率显著上升,平均每年增长5%,而在过去三年中发病率相对稳定。