Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Injury. 2024 Dec;55(12):112008. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.112008. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Longitudinal studies investigating lifestyle factors as risk factors for high-energy traumas from adolescence to adulthood are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 14 to 18-year old adolescent health-related behaviours, overweight, chronic disease, family socioeconomic status (SES), and adulthood education level on the risk of high-energy traumas during the average 27-year follow-up in Finland.
The baseline data were surveys gathered biennially from 1981 to 1997 (the Adolescent Health and Lifestyle Survey) and individually linked with outcome data on high-energy traumas retrieved from the Care Register for Health Care until the year 2018. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the associations between the exposure variables in adolescence (frequent physical activity, overweight, smoking, monthly drunkenness, chronic disease, family SES, adulthood education level) and the overall risk for high-energy traumas. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were computed.
A total of 876 persons (1.8 %) had a high-energy trauma during the follow-up. High-energy trauma diagnoses overall were more common among males than among females (2.8 % vs 1.0 %). Follow-up showed that those who smoked (aOR 1.49, CI 1.40-1.58), were drunk monthly (aOR 1.49, CI 1.39-1.59), had a chronic disease (aOR 1.22, CI 1.12-1.34) in adolescence or had attained only low education level in adulthood (aOR 1.39, CI 1.30-1.48) had higher odds for high-energy traumas. Frequent physical activity or overweight in adolescence were not related to the higher odds for high-energy traumas.
Smoking, monthly drunkenness, self-reported chronic diseases in adolescence, and low educational level in adulthood increased the risk of high-energy traumas during the mean follow-up of 27-years. Frequent physical activity and overweight in adolescence did not predict the occurrence of high-energy traumas. Intervention programs should also focus on the long-term consequences of these risk factors.
从青少年期到成年期，针对生活方式因素作为高能创伤风险因素的纵向研究较为缺乏。本研究旨在探究青少年时期的健康相关行为、超重、慢性疾病、家庭社会经济地位（SES）和成年后教育水平等 14 至 18 岁相关因素对芬兰人平均 27 年随访期间高能创伤风险的影响。
本研究的基线数据来自于 1981 年至 1997 年每两年进行一次的青少年健康与生活方式调查（Adolescent Health and Lifestyle Survey），并与 2018 年之前从医疗保健的患者登记库中检索到的高能创伤结局数据进行个体链接。采用逻辑回归模型分析青少年时期（频繁的体育活动、超重、吸烟、每月醉酒、慢性疾病、家庭 SES、成年后教育水平）的暴露变量与高能创伤的整体风险之间的关系。计算调整后的比值比（aOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
共有 876 人（1.8%）在随访期间发生高能创伤。总体而言，男性的高能创伤诊断率高于女性（2.8%比 1.0%）。随访结果显示，青少年时期吸烟（aOR 1.49，CI 1.40-1.58）、每月醉酒（aOR 1.49，CI 1.39-1.59）、患有慢性疾病（aOR 1.22，CI 1.12-1.34）或成年后仅接受低水平教育（aOR 1.39，CI 1.30-1.48）的个体发生高能创伤的几率更高。青少年时期经常进行体育活动或超重与高能创伤发生几率的升高无关。
青少年时期吸烟、每月醉酒、自我报告的慢性疾病以及成年后接受低水平教育会增加随访期间 27 年发生高能创伤的风险。青少年时期经常进行体育活动或超重并不能预测高能创伤的发生。干预计划也应关注这些风险因素的长期后果。
