Salomón Benitez Maria Fernanda, Lazcano Verduzco Ana Karely, Peña Medina Paulina, Barrón Cabrera Elisa María, Martínez-López Erika, Mendoza Medina Gustavo Gerardo, Ríos Leal Elvira, Morgan Ortiz Fred, Osuna Espinoza Kenia Yaretzy, Osuna Ramírez Ignacio
Unidad de Investigaciones en Salud Pública. Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa.
Nutr Hosp. 2025 Apr 21;42(1):67-72. doi: 10.20960/nh.05332.
Introduction: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) play an important role in fetal growth and development. In Mexico, 76.8 % of women of reproductive age are overweight and obese, which is associated with the development of gestational complications. EPA and DHA fatty acids have an anti-inflammatory effect, reducing the risk of developing complications. Objective: to evaluate the erythrocyte and dietary profile of omega-3 fatty acids in overweight and obese pregnant women. Materials and methods: a prospective, cross-sectional, comparative and observational study in pregnant women with less than 14 weeks of gestation. Dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids was evaluated by dietary diary; and levels of omega-3 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes were evaluated by gas chromatography. Results: the mean dietary intake of EPA and DHA fatty acids was 0.027 g and 0.095 g, respectively. The erythrocyte profile was 2.90 for EPA and 1.50 DHA, no differences between normal and overweight women was found. Conclusion: the dietary intake and erythrocyte profile of omega-3 of pregnant women is lower than the reference parameters, with no significant differences between normal and overweight women.
二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）在胎儿生长发育中起重要作用。在墨西哥，76.8%的育龄妇女超重和肥胖，这与妊娠并发症的发生有关。EPA和DHA脂肪酸具有抗炎作用，可降低发生并发症的风险。目的：评估超重和肥胖孕妇红细胞中ω-3脂肪酸及饮食状况。材料与方法：对妊娠小于14周的孕妇进行一项前瞻性、横断面、对比性观察研究。通过饮食日记评估ω-3脂肪酸的饮食摄入量；通过气相色谱法评估红细胞膜中ω-3脂肪酸的水平。结果：EPA和DHA脂肪酸的平均饮食摄入量分别为0.027克和0.095克。红细胞中EPA水平为2.90，DHA水平为1.50，正常体重和超重孕妇之间未发现差异。结论：孕妇ω-3脂肪酸的饮食摄入量和红细胞水平低于参考参数，正常体重和超重孕妇之间无显著差异。
