Muhammed Abdu, Tamiru Yobsan, Kenei Felmata, Zenu Nezif
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Wollega University, Shambu Campus, P.O. Box 38, Shambu, Ethiopia.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Vet Med Int. 2024 Oct 30;2024:4978078. doi: 10.1155/2024/4978078. eCollection 2024.
Hydatidosis (cystic echinococcosis) is one of the major serious parasite infectious diseases that cause poor weight gain and organ condemnation, which contributes to Ethiopia's low cattle industry production. A cross-sectional study was performed at the Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Western Ethiopia, from October 2020 to August 2021 with the aim of determining the prevalence of bovine hydatid cysts, assessing the related risk factors, and evaluating the organ level of distributions of the cysts. An antemortem examination and postmortem examination were performed as usual on all 220 chosen slaughtered cattle. We evaluated the organs of systemically selected cattle through visual inspection and palpation. Of the total number inspected, 44 (20%) had one or more hydatid cysts in one or more of their organs. Both age and sex of the cattle were significantly associated with the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis ( = 5.928; = 0.015; and = 4.086; = 0.043, respectively) among the risk factors evaluated. 44 (20%) of the 220 animals evaluated were positive for hydatidosis. In terms of organ distribution, the liver accounted for 27 (61.4%), the lung for 16 (36.3%), and the spleen for 1 (2.3%). 34 (55.8%) of the 62 cysts counted and characterized were found in the liver, 27 (53.6%) in the lung, and 1 (2.3%) in the spleen. 22 (35.5%) of the 62 cysts collected were calcified, and 31 (50%) were found to be fertile. Of the 31 fertile cysts discovered, 7 (22.6%) were found in the liver, 23 (74.2%) in the lungs, and 1 (2.3%) in the spleen. Hydatidosis is still one of the most critical diseases that need careful consideration for prevention and control measures in the East Welega Zone, even with the moderate level of infection currently detected. This is because there appears to be a socioeconomic environment that is conducive to the disease. Therefore, the installation of regulated, well-equipped abattoirs, public awareness campaigns, and stray dog control are crucial.
包虫病（囊型棘球蚴病）是导致体重增长缓慢和器官废弃的主要严重寄生虫传染病之一，这对埃塞俄比亚低迷的养牛业生产造成了影响。2020年10月至2021年8月，在埃塞俄比亚西部的内克梅特市屠宰场进行了一项横断面研究，目的是确定牛包虫囊肿的患病率，评估相关风险因素，并评估囊肿的器官分布水平。对所有220头选定的屠宰牛像往常一样进行了宰前检查和宰后检查。我们通过目视检查和触诊对系统挑选的牛的器官进行了评估。在检查的总数中，44头（20%）在其一个或多个器官中有一个或多个包虫囊肿。在评估的风险因素中，牛的年龄和性别均与牛包虫病的患病率显著相关（分别为χ² = 5.928；P = 0.015；χ² = 4.086；P = 0.043）。在评估的220只动物中，44只（20%）包虫病检测呈阳性。在器官分布方面，肝脏占27个（61.4%），肺占16个（36.3%），脾脏占1个（2.3%）。在计数和鉴定的62个囊肿中，34个（55.8%）在肝脏中发现，27个（53.6%）在肺中发现，1个（2.3%）在脾脏中发现。收集的62个囊肿中，22个（35.5%）钙化，31个（50%）被发现是有活力的。在发现的31个有活力的囊肿中，7个（22.6%）在肝脏中发现，23个（74.2%）在肺中发现，1个（2.3%）在脾脏中发现。即使目前检测到的感染水平处于中等程度，包虫病仍然是东韦莱加区预防和控制措施需要仔细考虑的最关键疾病之一。这是因为似乎存在有利于该疾病的社会经济环境。因此，建立规范、设备完善的屠宰场、开展公众宣传活动以及控制流浪狗至关重要。
