van Haaren F, van de Poll N E
Physiol Behav. 1986 Jan;36(1):123-5. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(86)90084-3.
Groups of intact male and female Wistar rats were exposed to a standard passive avoidance procedure. The intensity of the light bulb illuminating the platform during adaptation, pre- and post-shock trials was manipulated (5, 25 or 75 W). Entrance latencies during pre-shock trials were longer for males than for females. They decreased for both males and females as light intensity was increased. Entrance latencies increased over trials for males but not for females. On the post-shock trial, more females than males reentered the compartment in which they previously had been shocked, with shorter entrance latencies. Thus, although light intensity functionally affected the behavior of males and females on pre-shock trials, it did not influence the behavioral differences usually observed on the post-shock trial. These data are interpreted as further evidence for the notion that the behavior of male Wistar rats in standard passive avoidance procedures is a function of non-specific effects of shock presentation per se. It is suggested that research aimed at understanding basic (neuronal) differences between males and females is necessary to be able to specify the nature of the variables responsible for the observation of behavioral differences between males and females in this and other experimental paradigms.
将完整的雄性和雌性Wistar大鼠分组，使其接受标准的被动回避程序。在适应期、电击前和电击后试验期间，调节照亮平台的灯泡强度（5瓦、25瓦或75瓦）。电击前试验中，雄性大鼠的进入潜伏期比雌性大鼠长。随着光照强度增加，雄性和雌性大鼠的进入潜伏期均缩短。雄性大鼠的进入潜伏期在各试验中增加，而雌性大鼠则没有。在电击后试验中，重新进入先前遭受电击隔室的雌性大鼠比雄性大鼠多，且进入潜伏期更短。因此，尽管光照强度在功能上影响了电击前试验中雄性和雌性大鼠的行为，但它并未影响通常在电击后试验中观察到的行为差异。这些数据被解释为进一步证明了这样一种观点，即雄性Wistar大鼠在标准被动回避程序中的行为是电击呈现本身非特异性效应的函数。有人提出，旨在了解雄性和雌性之间基本（神经元）差异的研究对于能够确定在此及其他实验范式中观察到的雄性和雌性行为差异所涉及变量的性质是必要的。
