Yancheng Affiliated Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China.
Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 9;14(1):27325. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79098-4.
Effective self-management is essential for patients with heart failure, but many struggle with acquiring the necessary skills. Given the complexity of heart failure management and the importance of patient adherence to prescribed regimens, this study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning the prevention of heart failure recurrence among patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Third People's Hospital of Yancheng City from September 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, employing a self-administered KAP questionnaire. The study included 421 heart failure patients, of whom 230 (54.6%) were male. Median scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 12.00 [10.00, 13.00] (possible range: 1-18), 20.00 [19.00, 21.00] (possible range: 5-25), and 16.00 [15.00, 17.00] (possible range: 5-22), respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.183, P < 0.001), as well as between knowledge and practice scores (r = 0.169, P < 0.001). A higher attitude score was significantly associated with a higher practice score (r = 0.245, P < 0.001), as supported by structural equation modelling. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that attitude score (OR = 1.238), suburban residence (OR = 2.524), monthly household income exceeding 5000 RMB (OR = 3.539), BMI less than 20 kg/m2 (OR = 2.155, P = 0.029), BMI between 20 and 24 kg/m2 (OR = 2.387), and BMI between 25 and 29 kg/m2 (OR = 4.063) were independently linked to proactive practices (all P < 0.05). Additionally, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) elucidated the intricate relationship between sociodemographic factors and KAP dimensions. Despite positive attitudes and proactive prevention efforts, heart failure patients exhibit a knowledge gap. Tailored educational interventions by healthcare providers could effectively bridge this gap, leveraging patients' positive attitudes and proactive behaviours to reinforce preventive measures.
有效的自我管理对于心力衰竭患者至关重要，但许多患者在掌握必要技能方面存在困难。鉴于心力衰竭管理的复杂性以及患者遵守规定治疗方案的重要性，本研究旨在调查预防心力衰竭复发的知识、态度和实践（KAP）情况。采用自填式 KAP 问卷，于 2023 年 9 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日在盐城市第三人民医院进行横断面研究。该研究纳入了 421 例心力衰竭患者，其中 230 例（54.6%）为男性。知识、态度和实践的中位数评分分别为 12.00 [10.00，13.00]（可能范围：1-18）、20.00 [19.00，21.00]（可能范围：5-25）和 16.00 [15.00，17.00]（可能范围：5-22）。Pearson 相关分析表明，知识得分与态度得分呈正相关（r=0.183，P<0.001），知识得分与实践得分也呈正相关（r=0.169，P<0.001）。较高的态度得分与较高的实践得分显著相关（r=0.245，P<0.001），结构方程模型也支持这一结果。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示，态度得分（OR=1.238）、郊区居住（OR=2.524）、月收入超过 5000 元人民币（OR=3.539）、BMI<20kg/m2（OR=2.155，P=0.029）、BMI 在 20-24kg/m2 之间（OR=2.387）和 BMI 在 25-29kg/m2 之间（OR=4.063）与积极的实践行为独立相关（均 P<0.05）。此外，结构方程模型（SEM）阐明了社会人口学因素与 KAP 维度之间的复杂关系。尽管患者态度积极且主动采取预防措施，但仍存在知识差距。医疗保健提供者实施有针对性的教育干预措施可有效弥补这一差距，利用患者的积极态度和主动行为加强预防措施。
