南非出生队列中，产前暴露于环境酚类物质与儿童两岁时神经发育之间的关联。

Associations between prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and child neurodevelopment at two years of age in a South African birth cohort.

作者信息

Zhou Terry, Abrishamcar Sarina, Christensen Grace, Eick Stephanie M, Barr Dana Boyd, Vanker Aneesa, Hoffman Nadia, Donald Kirsten A, Wedderburn Catherine J, Andra Syam S, Wright Robert O, Zar Heather J, Stein Dan J, Hüls Anke

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

出版信息

Environ Res. 2025 Jan 1;264(Pt 1):120325. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120325. Epub 2024 Nov 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2024.120325

PMID:39528036

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11631636/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Evidence suggests that prenatal environmental phenol exposures negatively impact child neurodevelopment, however there is little research on the effects of mixtures of multiple phenol exposures. We analyzed associations between prenatal exposure to phenol mixtures and cognitive neurodevelopment at two years of age among 545 mother-child pairs from the South African Drakenstein Child Health Study.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We measured maternal urine environmental phenol concentrations once during the second trimester of pregnancy. We used the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III to assess cognitive development at two years of age. We used linear regression models adjusted for maternal HIV status, maternal age, ethnicity, prenatal tobacco exposure, child sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) to examine individual associations. We compared four mixture methods: self-organizing maps (SOM), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), quantile-based G-computation (qgcomp) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to explore joint effects of the exposure mixture. We assessed effect modification by SES, sex, prenatal tobacco exposure, and ethnicity.

RESULTS

Across all methods, we found no association between individual phenol exposures or the joint exposure mixture with the cognitive score. Prenatal tobacco exposure modified the association between pentachlorophenol (PCP) and cognitive neurodevelopment (interaction p-value = 0.012), with higher PCP concentrations associated with lower cognitive scores among non-smokers (beta = - 2.17; 95% CI: -3.83, -0.51). Sex modified the association between bisphenol A (BPA) and cognitive neurodevelopment (interaction p-value = 0.021), with males having a significant adverse association (beta = -1.39; 95% CI: -2.54, -0.23). SES modified the association between bisphenol S (BPS) and cognitive neurodevelopment (interaction p-value = 0.003), with individuals of moderate-high SES having a significant adverse association (beta = -1.84; 95% CI: -3.26, 0.06) CONCLUSION: While we found no main effects of prenatal phenol exposure on cognitive neurodevelopment, the associations with PCP, BPA, and BPS were more pronounced among certain subgroups.

摘要

目的

有证据表明，产前环境中酚类物质暴露会对儿童神经发育产生负面影响，然而，关于多种酚类物质混合暴露影响的研究较少。我们分析了南非德拉肯斯堡儿童健康研究中545对母婴对，探讨产前酚类混合物暴露与儿童两岁时认知神经发育之间的关联。

材料与方法

我们在孕期第二个三月期对母亲尿液中的环境酚浓度进行了一次测量。我们使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版评估儿童两岁时的认知发育情况。我们使用线性回归模型，对母亲的艾滋病毒感染状况、年龄、种族、产前烟草暴露、儿童性别和社会经济地位（SES）进行了调整，以检验个体关联。我们比较了四种混合方法：自组织映射（SOM）、贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）、基于分位数的G计算（qgcomp）和加权分位数和（WQS）回归，以探索暴露混合物的联合效应。我们评估了SES、性别、产前烟草暴露和种族对效应的修正作用。

结果

在所有方法中，我们均未发现个体酚类暴露或联合暴露混合物与认知得分之间存在关联。产前烟草暴露修正了五氯酚（PCP）与认知神经发育之间的关联（交互作用p值 = 0.012），在非吸烟者中，PCP浓度越高，认知得分越低（β = - 2.17；95%置信区间：-3.83，-0.51）。性别修正了双酚A（BPA）与认知神经发育之间的关联（交互作用p值 = 0.021），男性存在显著的负相关（β = -1.39；95%置信区间：-2.54，-0.23）。SES修正了双酚S（BPS）与认知神经发育之间的关联（交互作用p值 = 0.003），中高SES个体存在显著的负相关（β = -1.84；95%置信区间：-3.26，0.06）。结论：虽然我们未发现产前酚类暴露对认知神经发育有主要影响，但在某些亚组中，PCP、BPA和BPS之间的关联更为明显。