用于多源遥感分类的分布无关域泛化
Distribution-Independent Domain Generalization for Multisource Remote Sensing Classification.
作者信息
Gao Yunhao, Zhang Mengmeng, Li Wei, Tao Ran
出版信息
IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst. 2025 Jul;36(7):13333-13344. doi: 10.1109/TNNLS.2024.3490577.
The availability of multisource remote sensing data provides the possibility for comprehensive observation. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) naturally integrate multisource feature extractors and classifiers into an end-to-end multilayer design. However, CNN assumes data are independent and identically distributed. In practice, it is not always possible to access the labels or even data of the testing scenes. Therefore, the CNN-based methods have exposed its limitation on generalization ability. To solve the issue, a feature-distribution-independent network (FDINet) is designed for multisource remote sensing cross-domain classification without feature alignment and decoupling operations. On one hand, an elegantly designed baseline is used for extracting multisource cross-domain features. The baseline extracts the common line and texture features through shallow weight-sharing networks. More importantly, the modality prediction probability is used to measure the similarity between the source domains and the target domains, thereby improving cross-domain collaboration capabilities. On the other hand, the sharpness-aware feature discriminating (SAFD) strategy is developed for model optimization. Specifically, the generalization ability is improved by minimizing the sharpness of local optima. To avoid the decrease in feature discrimination caused by the gradient conflict between sharpness and overall loss, the discrimination constraints are designed to balance feature discrimination and generalization ability. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on two datasets, which demonstrate that the proposed FDINet outperforms other competitors in terms of quantitative and qualitative analyses.
多源遥感数据的可用性为综合观测提供了可能。卷积神经网络(CNN)自然地将多源特征提取器和分类器集成到一个端到端的多层设计中。然而,CNN假设数据是独立同分布的。在实际应用中,测试场景的标签甚至数据并不总是能够获取到。因此,基于CNN的方法在泛化能力方面暴露出了局限性。为了解决这个问题,设计了一种特征分布无关网络(FDINet),用于多源遥感跨域分类,无需特征对齐和解耦操作。一方面,使用精心设计的基线来提取多源跨域特征。该基线通过浅层权重共享网络提取公共的线条和纹理特征。更重要的是,模态预测概率用于衡量源域和目标域之间的相似性,从而提高跨域协作能力。另一方面,开发了锐度感知特征判别(SAFD)策略用于模型优化。具体来说,通过最小化局部最优的锐度来提高泛化能力。为了避免因锐度和整体损失之间的梯度冲突导致特征判别能力下降,设计了判别约束来平衡特征判别和泛化能力。在两个数据集上进行了综合实验,结果表明所提出的FDINet在定量和定性分析方面均优于其他竞争对手。