Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, The Miriam Hospital.
Stress, Trauma, and Resilience Initiative, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University.
Am Psychol. 2024 Nov;79(8):1012-1024. doi: 10.1037/amp0001252.
As the United States contends with racism and a social justice reckoning, the need to advance our understanding of how to build structural resilience continues to be pressing. This article proposes a culturally and structurally informed model of resilience for individuals with minoritized identities that integrates social-ecological and minority stress models. First, common stressors and traumas experienced by minoritized individuals at multiple levels of proximal/distal influence are reviewed: microsystem (e.g., family rejection), mesosystem (e.g., community-based discrimination), exosystem (e.g., barriers to health care), macrosystem (e.g., harmful legal policies), and chronosystem (e.g., historical legacy). Next, how these exposures have cascading effects on minority stress processes (e.g., discriminatory policies in the macrosystem affect how a child is socialized in the microsystem) are considered. Then, modifiable factors (e.g., community cohesion) that promote resiliency in the face of ongoing exposures are discussed. To conclude, guidelines are offered for advancing the psychological science of resilience in minoritized groups including mixed methods to reflect participants' experiences, ecological approaches to assess resilience, and multilevel modeling to understand the interplay between the social-ecological context and individual factors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
当美国应对种族主义和社会正义清算时，推进我们对如何建立结构韧性的理解的需求继续迫在眉睫。本文提出了一个针对少数群体身份个体的具有文化和结构意识的韧性模型，该模型整合了社会生态和少数群体压力模型。首先，回顾了少数群体个体在多个近端/远端影响层次上经历的常见压力源和创伤：微系统（例如，家庭排斥）、中系统（例如，基于社区的歧视）、外系统（例如，医疗保健障碍）、宏系统（例如，有害的法律政策）和时间系统（例如，历史遗留问题）。接下来，考虑了这些暴露如何对少数群体压力过程产生级联效应（例如，宏系统中的歧视性政策会影响儿童在微系统中的社会化方式）。然后，讨论了面对持续暴露时促进韧性的可调节因素（例如，社区凝聚力）。最后，为推进少数群体的心理韧性科学提供了指导方针，包括反映参与者经验的混合方法、评估韧性的生态方法以及理解社会生态背景和个体因素相互作用的多层次建模。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2024 APA，保留所有权利）。
