Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Pathol Res Pract. 2024 Dec;264:155708. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155708. Epub 2024 Nov 6.
Oligodendrogliomas (ODGs) are neuroepithelial tumors that need personalized treatment plans because of their unique molecular and histological features. Non-coding RNAs form an epigenetic class of molecules that act as the first steps in gene regulation. They consist of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. These molecules significantly participate in ODG pathogenesis by regulating ODG initiation, progression, and treatment response. This review is designated to analyze the literature and describe the genomic profile of ODGs, the complex actions of ncRNAs in ODGs pathogenesis and treatment, and their roles as appropriate biomarkers and as one of the precision mechanisms action targets, such as antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs, gene therapy vectors, peptide nucleic acids, and small molecule inhibitors. Overall, ncRNAs considerably alter the pathological spectrum of ODGs by influencing fundamental processes in tumor biology. Applying ncRNAs in a clinical context exhibits promise for enhanced diagnosis and individualized therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the delivery efficacy and potential adverse "off-target" sequels retain the main obstacles undermining clinical potential. Continuous research and technological advancements in ncRNAs offer new insights and promising prospects for revolutionizing oligodendroglioma care, leading to better, personalized treatment outcomes.
少突胶质细胞瘤（ODGs）是神经上皮肿瘤，由于其独特的分子和组织学特征，需要制定个性化的治疗计划。非编码 RNA 形成一类表观遗传分子，作为基因调控的第一步。它们包括 microRNAs、长非编码 RNA 和环状 RNA。这些分子通过调节 ODG 的起始、进展和治疗反应，显著参与 ODG 的发病机制。本综述旨在分析文献并描述 ODG 的基因组特征、ncRNA 在 ODG 发病机制和治疗中的复杂作用，以及它们作为合适的生物标志物和作为精准机制作用靶点之一的作用，如反义寡核苷酸、小干扰 RNA、基因治疗载体、肽核酸和小分子抑制剂。总的来说，ncRNA 通过影响肿瘤生物学中的基本过程，极大地改变了 ODG 的病理谱。在临床环境中应用 ncRNA 有望提高诊断和个体化治疗干预的效果。然而，递送效率和潜在的不良“脱靶”后果仍然是阻碍其临床应用的主要障碍。ncRNA 的持续研究和技术进步为改变少突胶质细胞瘤的治疗提供了新的见解和有前途的前景，有望实现更好的、个体化的治疗效果。
