Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), University Innovation Incubator (I(2)U), sains@usm Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.
Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), University Innovation Incubator (I(2)U), sains@usm Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.
Anal Chim Acta. 2024 Dec 1;1331:343351. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343351. Epub 2024 Oct 18.
The extraction of polysaccharides using an acidic extraction media has been extensively reported, highlighting its effectiveness in yielding high-quality polysaccharides. A higher concentration of acidic solution could hydrolyze the structure of polysaccharide, while a low concentration reduces the extraction efficiency. Despite this challenges, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were introduced as an alternative extraction medium due to additional interactions such as inter and intra-molecular interactions, Van de Waals, hydrogen bond, and electrostatic interactions, which could improve the polysaccharide extraction efficiency and biological activities. Furthermore, the extraction conditions such as extraction medium and extraction parameters could affect the properties of polysaccharides as well as influence their structure-activity relationship for biological activities.
The result showed that the microwave-assisted extraction of Micromelum minutum leaf polysaccharide (MMLP) using DES as an extraction media (MMLP-DES) gave a higher yield (improvement of 101.20 %) than citric acid monohydrate (CAM) (MMLP-CAM) and required a lower percentage of microwave power (19.83 % less) and time (0.78 min less). The properties of MMLPs significantly differ based on their pH, molecular weight, viscosity, degree of esterification and monosaccharide molar ratio which influenced the biological activities. Compared to MMLP-CAM, MMLP-DES had a more branched and less linear structure. The bioactivities study revealed that MMLP-DES exhibited higher antioxidant and anti-α-amylase activities (i.e.
, DPPH: 74.52 %, FRAP: 2.87 mM FeSO and α-amylase inhibition: 86.23 %) compared to MMLP-CAM (i.e.
, DPPH: 49.33 %, FRAP: 1.49 mM FeSO, and α-amylase inhibition: 81.76 %). The mechanism and structure-activity relationship of MMLPs on bioactivities were also hypothesized.
Based on our previous study, the citric acid monohydrate-glycerol based DES as an extraction medium has enhanced the extraction yield of polysaccharides from M. minutum. This study highlights the DES combined with microwave-assisted extraction to improve the yield of MMLP and evaluate the biological activities compared to CAM as a classical solvent. In conclusion, the DES showed the advantages for extraction of polysaccharides with desired biological activities.
使用酸性提取介质提取多糖的方法已被广泛报道，这突出了它在获得高质量多糖方面的有效性。较高浓度的酸性溶液可以水解多糖的结构，而较低浓度则会降低提取效率。尽管存在这些挑战，但由于存在分子间和分子内相互作用、范德华力、氢键和静电相互作用等额外相互作用，深共晶溶剂 (DES) 被引入作为替代提取介质，这可以提高多糖的提取效率和生物活性。此外，提取介质和提取参数等提取条件会影响多糖的性质，并影响其结构-活性关系以发挥生物活性。
结果表明，与一水柠檬酸 (CAM) (MMLP-CAM) 相比，使用 DES 作为提取介质的微波辅助提取 Micromelum minutum 叶多糖 (MMLP-DES) 可获得更高的产率（提高 101.20%），并且需要较低的微波功率百分比（少 19.83%）和时间（少 0.78 分钟）。MMLP 的性质因 pH 值、分子量、粘度、酯化度和单糖摩尔比的不同而有显著差异，这些因素影响其生物活性。与 MMLP-CAM 相比，MMLP-DES 具有更支化和更少线性的结构。生物活性研究表明，与 MMLP-CAM 相比，MMLP-DES 具有更高的抗氧化和抗α-淀粉酶活性（即 DPPH：74.52%，FRAP：2.87mM FeSO 和 α-淀粉酶抑制：86.23%）。MMLP 对生物活性的机制和结构-活性关系也进行了假设。
基于我们之前的研究，一水柠檬酸-甘油基 DES 作为提取介质提高了从 Micromelum minutum 中提取多糖的产率。本研究强调了 DES 与微波辅助提取相结合，以提高 MMLP 的产率，并与作为经典溶剂的 CAM 相比评估其生物活性。总之，DES 显示出在提取具有所需生物活性的多糖方面的优势。
