Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Institute of Applied Mathematics, Heidelberg-University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Life Sci Alliance. 2024 Nov 12;8(1). doi: 10.26508/lsa.202403054. Print 2025 Jan.
head regeneration consists of hypostome/organizer and tentacle development, and involves Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notch inhibition blocks hypostome/organizer regeneration, but not the appearance of the tentacle tissue. β-Catenin inhibition blocks tentacle, but not hypostome/organizer regeneration. Gene expression analyses during head regeneration revealed the Notch-promoting expression of , , and the transcriptional repressor genes , , and , while blocking and the -related gene β-Catenin promotes the expression of the tentacle specification factor , but not of This suggests and as parts of a hypostome/organizer gene module, and , , and as parts of a tentacle gene module. Notch then functions as an inhibitor of tentacle production to allow regeneration of a hypostome/head organizer. is a candidate target gene for HvNotch-induced repressor genes. Inhibiting HyKayak attenuated the expression of Polyps of do not have tentacles and thus after head removal only regenerate a hypostome structure. Notch signaling was not needed for head regeneration in , corroborating the idea of its requirement during head regeneration to harmonize two co-operating pattern-forming processes.
头部再生包括口器/组织者和触手的发育，涉及 Notch 和 Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路。Notch 抑制阻止口器/组织者再生，但不阻止触手组织的出现。β-连环蛋白抑制阻止触手，但不阻止口器/组织者再生。头部再生过程中的基因表达分析显示，Notch 促进了 、 、 和转录抑制基因 、 、 和 的表达，而阻止了 和 -相关基因 。β-连环蛋白促进了触手规格因子 的表达，但不促进 。这表明 和 是口器/组织者基因模块的一部分， 、 、 和 是触手基因模块的一部分。Notch 然后作为触手产生的抑制剂起作用，以允许口器/头部组织者的再生。 是 HvNotch 诱导的阻遏基因的候选靶基因。抑制 HyKayak 减弱了 的表达。多足类没有触手，因此在头部切除后仅再生一个口器结构。Notch 信号通路不是 在 头部再生中所必需的，这证实了它在 头部再生过程中的需要，以协调两个合作的模式形成过程。
