连贯感和自我效能感与幸福感及心理健康之间的关系——新冠疫情期间及社会限制解除一年后德国一所典型大学学生的情况
The relationship between sense of coherence and self-efficacy with well-being and mental health-the situation of students at a typical German university during the COVID-19 pandemic and 1 year after the lifting of social restrictions.
作者信息
Kösler Lisa-Marie, Bauer Stephanie, Möltner Andreas, Holm-Hadulla Rainer M
机构信息
Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2024 Oct 29;15:1457992. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1457992. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION
The present study aims to evaluate the role of sense of coherence and self-efficacy in relation to mental health and well-being, with and without social restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this study seeks to investigate the differences in sense of coherence, self-efficacy, mental health and well-being depending on the manner in which the pandemic is being handled.
METHODS
A total of 27,162 students at Heidelberg University were surveyed via email at two measurement points, once with and once without social restrictions. The survey assessed sense of coherence, self-efficacy, mental health and well-being. To this end, the questionnaires Sense of Coherence Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, WHO-Well-being-Index and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were employed. A total of 2,398 individuals participated in the initial measurement, while 701 individuals participated in the subsequent measurement.
RESULTS
The lifting of social restrictions has been associated with a notable improvement in well-being and mental health, particularly in the context of depressive syndromes. Further analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the sense of coherence and self-efficacy at both measurement points, as well as between these two constructs and mental health and well-being. Furthermore, the sense of coherence and self-efficacy were found to account for a notable proportion of the observed variability in mental health and well-being values. Self-efficacy exhibited a significantly higher mean value at the initial measurement time point compared to the subsequent time point. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the sense of coherence between the two measurement points.
DISCUSSION
The findings presented here illustrate the significance of social interaction, sense of coherence and self-efficacy for mental health and well-being.
引言
本研究旨在评估连贯感和自我效能感在心理健康和幸福感方面的作用，无论是否存在因新冠疫情而实施的社会限制。此外，本研究还试图调查根据应对疫情的方式不同，连贯感、自我效能感、心理健康和幸福感之间的差异。
方法
海德堡大学共有27162名学生通过电子邮件在两个测量点接受了调查，一次是在有社会限制的情况下，一次是在没有社会限制的情况下。该调查评估了连贯感、自我效能感、心理健康和幸福感。为此，使用了连贯感量表、患者健康问卷、世界卫生组织幸福感指数和一般自我效能感量表。共有2398人参与了首次测量，701人参与了后续测量。
结果
解除社会限制与幸福感和心理健康的显著改善相关，尤其是在抑郁综合征方面。进一步分析表明，在两个测量点，连贯感和自我效能感之间存在正相关，并且这两个构念与心理健康和幸福感之间也存在正相关。此外，连贯感和自我效能感被发现占观察到的心理健康和幸福感值变异性的显著比例。与后续时间点相比，自我效能感在首次测量时间点的均值显著更高。相比之下，两个测量点之间的连贯感没有观察到显著差异。
讨论
此处呈现的研究结果说明了社会互动、连贯感和自我效能感对心理健康和幸福感的重要性。
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