体育与身体活动运动机能学家大学培训的比较研究。
A comparative study of university training of sports and physical activity kinesiologist.
作者信息
Esposito Giovanni, Ceruso Rosario, Aliberti Sara, D'Isanto Tiziana, D'Elia Francesca
机构信息
Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
Research Centre of Physical Education and Exercise, Pegaso University, Naples, Italy.
出版信息
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2024 Nov 13;16(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-01016-y.
BACKGROUND
In Italy, Legislative Decree No. 36/2021 and Ministerial Decree (MD) No. 1649/2023 have redefined the professional landscape of the physical activity and health sectors, emphasizing interdisciplinary and wellness-oriented education. The current disparity in the weighting of formative elements among the biomedical, psycho-pedagogical, and Exercise and Sport Sciences (ESS) fields in the configuration of degree courses in ESS has led to a need for reform. MD No. 1649/2023 offers an opportunity to reform these courses to emphasize interdisciplinary and wellness-oriented objectives, including at least 20 ECTS credits of practical activities in ESS disciplines. However, the impact of practical and laboratory activities on future kinesiologists has never been studied. This study aims to evaluate the impact of physical activity habits on the performance and self-assessment of ESS students.
METHOD
A sample of 56 students enrolled in the Master of Science in Sport Science and Techniques at the University of Salerno was divided into "active" and "inactive" groups based on their physical activity levels, according to WHO guidelines. Both groups underwent anthropometric and functional tests, including the Squat Jump (SJ) and Countermovement Jump (CMJ). Descriptive statistics and t-tests assessed the differences between and within groups.
RESULTS
The "active" group exhibited significantly higher performance in SJ (15.7% higher) and CMJ (18.5% higher) compared to the "inactive" group. Both groups showed significant improvements in jump height from SJ to CMJ, with the "active" group improving by 11.04% and the 'non-active' group by 7.38%.
CONCLUSION
Continuous physical activity enhances functional efficiency, with significant gains in explosive and reactive strength. Practical, evidence-based training is crucial for future kinesiologists to provide specialized services and promote health, underscoring the importance of integrating substantial practical activities in ESS degree courses.
背景
在意大利，第36/2021号立法令和第1649/2023号部长令重新定义了体育活动与健康领域的专业格局，强调跨学科和以健康为导向的教育。目前，在运动与体育科学（ESS）学位课程设置中，生物医学、心理教育学以及ESS领域之间的形成性要素权重存在差异，因此需要进行改革。第1649/2023号部长令为改革这些课程提供了契机，以强调跨学科和以健康为导向的目标，包括至少20个欧洲学分转换系统（ECTS）的ESS学科实践活动学分。然而，实践和实验室活动对未来运动机能学家的影响从未被研究过。本研究旨在评估体育活动习惯对ESS专业学生成绩和自我评估的影响。
方法
根据世界卫生组织的指导方针，将萨勒诺大学体育科学与技术理学硕士课程的56名学生样本，按照体育活动水平分为“活跃”组和“不活跃”组。两组学生都接受了人体测量和功能测试，包括深蹲跳（SJ）和反向移动跳（CMJ）。描述性统计和t检验评估了组间和组内的差异。
结果
与“不活跃”组相比，“活跃”组在SJ（高15.7%）和CMJ（高18.5%）中的表现显著更高。两组从SJ到CMJ的跳跃高度都有显著提高，“活跃”组提高了11.04%，“不活跃”组提高了7.38%。
结论
持续的体育活动可提高功能效率，在爆发力和反应力量方面有显著提升。基于证据的实践培训对于未来的运动机能学家提供专业服务和促进健康至关重要，这凸显了在ESS学位课程中纳入大量实践活动的重要性。
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