Yang Qifan, Chang Xuehui, Li Shijin, Li Xiao, Kang Changyuan, Yuan Weiwei, Lv Guiying
Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhengzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Neuroepidemiology. 2024 Nov 14:1-33. doi: 10.1159/000542606.
The increasing global population and aging have made Parkinson's disease (PD) a significant public health concern. Comprehensive evaluations of PD burden trends in Asian subregions and countries are lacking. This study investigated PD burden in Asia from 1990 to 2021, categorized by age, sex, and region.
Data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 were analyzed to assess the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across five Asian subregions and 34 countries/territories, using joinpoint regression, decomposition analysis, frontier analysis, and Bayesian models to examine changes, influencing factors, and predict future trends.
In 2021, the age-standardized PD incidence and prevalence in Asia were higher than the global average, particularly in East Asia (24.16 and 243.46/100,000, respectively). From 1990 to 2021, the incidence of PD in Asia rose by 198.01%, its prevalence rose by 284.35%, mortality rose by 111.27%, and DALY rose by 144.45%. Males consistently presented a greater PD burden than females did, with a growing sex gap over time. PD burden increased with age, especially among those aged 65 years and older. Population aging was the primary driver of new PD cases, and increasing etiological factors led to more patients. Inequalities in the PD burden have increased between high- and low-income areas, with low-income regions being more affected. By 2036, PD incidence is projected to increase in all subregions except the high-income Asia-Pacific region, with males experiencing a higher rate of increase.
The PD burden in Asia has significantly increased over the past three decades, particularly in middle-aged and elderly males, middle- and low-SDI countries, and individuals already suffering from PD. The increasing incidence and aging population necessitate the reallocation of medical resources, improved chronic disease management systems, stronger public health interventions, and sustainable development efforts. Research into etiological factors, pathogenesis, early diagnosis, preventive interventions, and regional management is critical.
全球人口增长和老龄化使帕金森病（PD）成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。目前缺乏对亚洲次区域和国家帕金森病负担趋势的全面评估。本研究调查了1990年至2021年亚洲地区按年龄、性别和地区分类的帕金森病负担情况。
分析了全球疾病负担、伤害及危险因素研究（GBD）2021的数据，以评估五个亚洲次区域和34个国家/地区的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALY），使用Joinpoint回归、分解分析、前沿分析和贝叶斯模型来研究变化、影响因素并预测未来趋势。
2021年，亚洲年龄标准化的帕金森病发病率和患病率高于全球平均水平，尤其是在东亚（分别为24.16/10万和243.46/10万）。1990年至2021年，亚洲帕金森病的发病率上升了198.01%，患病率上升了284.35%，死亡率上升了111.27%，伤残调整生命年上升了144.45%。男性的帕金森病负担始终高于女性，且性别差距随着时间的推移不断扩大。帕金森病负担随年龄增长而增加，尤其是65岁及以上人群。人口老龄化是帕金森病新发病例的主要驱动因素，病因因素增加导致患者增多。高收入和低收入地区之间帕金森病负担的不平等加剧，低收入地区受影响更大。到2036年，预计除高收入亚太地区外，所有次区域的帕金森病发病率都会上升，男性的上升速度更高。
在过去三十年中，亚洲的帕金森病负担显著增加，特别是在中老年男性、中低社会人口指数国家以及已经患有帕金森病的人群中。发病率上升和人口老龄化使得有必要重新分配医疗资源、改善慢性病管理系统、加强公共卫生干预措施以及开展可持续发展努力。对病因因素、发病机制、早期诊断、预防性干预措施和区域管理的研究至关重要。
