Giannakis Alexandros, Vartholomatos Evrysthenis, Astrakas Loukas, Anyfantis Emmanouil, Tatsioni Athina, Argyropoulou Maria, Konitsiotis Spiridon
Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Department of Radiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2025 Jul;38(4):275-285. doi: 10.1177/08919887241302110. Epub 2024 Nov 14.
ObjectiveTo compare gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementias (LBD), corticobasal syndrome (CBS), and healthy controls (HC).MethodsSurface-based morphometry (SBM) was assessed on 3D T1-weighted images using FreeSurfer image analysis and WM microstructure was studied using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) in 12 AD, 15 LBD, 10 CBS patients, and 10 HC.ResultsPatients with AD, compared with HC, exhibited reduced cortical surface area and volume in the superior frontal, middle frontal, and medial orbitofrontal cortex. In TBSS, AD patients, compared with HC and LBD, displayed decreased fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, and increased radial diffusivity in all major WM tracts. Other comparisons between the groups yielded no differences, either in the SBM or the TBSS analysis.ConclusionsThe results indicate significant early structural changes in the GM of the frontal lobe, along with WM alterations early in AD patients.
目的
比较阿尔茨海默病（AD）、路易体痴呆（LBD）、皮质基底节综合征（CBS）患者及健康对照（HC）的灰质（GM）和白质（WM）变化。
方法
使用FreeSurfer图像分析对12例AD、15例LBD、10例CBS患者及10例HC的三维T1加权图像进行基于表面的形态测量（SBM），并使用基于纤维束的空间统计学（TBSS）研究WM微观结构。
结果
与HC相比，AD患者在额上回、额中回和眶额内侧皮质的皮质表面积和体积减小。在TBSS中，与HC和LBD相比，AD患者在所有主要WM纤维束中的各向异性分数、轴向扩散率降低，径向扩散率增加。在SBM或TBSS分析中，各组之间的其他比较均无差异。
结论
结果表明，AD患者额叶GM存在显著的早期结构变化，同时WM也有早期改变。
