Wang Bo, Liu Zhenyu, Liu Jiaojiao, Tang Zhenchao, Li Hongjun, Tian Jie
School of Automation, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China.
Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2016 Jun;43(6):1474-83. doi: 10.1002/jmri.25100. Epub 2015 Dec 30.
To investigate both the gray matter (GM) and whiter matter (WM) alterations in a homogeneous cohort of early HIV-infected patients by combining voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).
Twenty-six HIV and 26 control subjects enrolled in this study with 3D T1 and diffusion-tensor imaging acquired on a 3.0T Siemens scanner. Group differences in regional GM were assessed using VBM analysis, while differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and relative anisotropy (RD) of WM were evaluated using TBSS analysis. After that, interactions between GM changes and white matter alterations were investigated by using a correlation analysis.
The HIV-infected patients displayed decreased GM volume, mainly located in the bilateral frontal cortices, bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, and left supplementary motor area (P < 0.05, false discovery rate-corrected). Meanwhile, the patient group showed decreased FA in the genu of capsule callosum, body of capsule callosum, and bilateral anterior corona radiate (P < 0.05, family wise error [FEW]-corrected). Areas of increased MD, RD, and AD in HIV patients were more extensive and observed in most skeleton locations (P < 0.05, FEW-corrected). The interaction analysis in the patient group revealed that there were no significant correlations between GM changes and WM alterations (P > 0.05).
Our results indicate that structural brain alterations occurred early in HIV-infected patients. The current study may shed further light on the potential brain effects of HIV. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1474-1483.
通过结合基于体素的形态学测量（VBM）和基于纤维束的空间统计学（TBSS），研究早期HIV感染患者同质性队列中的灰质（GM）和白质（WM）改变。
本研究纳入了26例HIV患者和26例对照受试者，在3.0T西门子扫描仪上采集了三维T1和扩散张量成像。使用VBM分析评估区域GM的组间差异，同时使用TBSS分析评估WM的分数各向异性（FA）、平均扩散率（MD）、轴向扩散率（AD）和相对各向异性（RD）的差异。之后，通过相关性分析研究GM变化与白质改变之间的相互作用。
HIV感染患者的GM体积减小，主要位于双侧额叶皮质、双侧前扣带回皮质和左侧辅助运动区（P<0.05，错误发现率校正）。同时，患者组在胼胝体膝部、胼胝体体部和双侧前放射冠中的FA降低（P<0.05，家族性错误率[FEW]校正）。HIV患者中MD、RD和AD增加的区域更广泛，在大多数骨架位置均有观察到（P<0.05，FEW校正）。患者组的相互作用分析显示，GM变化与WM改变之间无显著相关性（P>0.05）。
我们的结果表明，HIV感染患者早期出现脑结构改变。本研究可能会进一步揭示HIV对大脑的潜在影响。《磁共振成像杂志》2016年；43:1474 - 1483。
