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PURPOSE

This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of four kidney depth measurement methods-nuclear medicine tomography, nuclear medicine lateral scanning, ultrasound, and Tonnesen's formula-based estimation-using CT measurements as the reference standard. Additionally, it investigates the feasibility of utilizing nuclear medicine tomography and lateral scanning for measuring kidney depth in Tc-DTPA renal dynamic imaging.

METHODS

Hollow kidney phantoms mimicking the shape and volume of adult kidneys were 3D printed and filled with TcO solution. These phantoms were then subjected to lateral scanning and nuclear medicine tomography using CZT (cadmium-zinc-telluride) SPECT/CT to determine the optimal post-processing method. Forty patients who underwent renal dynamic imaging were recruited for the study. Renal depths were derived from ultrasound, lateral imaging, nuclear medicine tomography, formula-based estimation, and CT measurements. The renal depths obtained through these four methods were for correlation with CT-measured renal depths. Additionally, the absolute differences between renal depths obtained by each method and the CT standard were analyzed and compared across groups.

RESULTS

Using kidney phantoms, nuclear medicine tomography images were processed with a Butterworth filter (cutoff frequency = 0.6), and renal outlines in lateral images was manually delineated. In the clinical validation phase, correlation coefficients indicated strong associations between renal depths measured by nuclear medicine tomography (left kidney: R = 0.885, P < 0.05; right kidney: R = 0.927, P < 0.05) and lateral scanning (left kidney: R = 0.933, P < 0.05; right kidney: R = 0.956, P < 0.05) compared to CT measurements. The difference in kidney depth between nuclear medicine tomography and CT measurements were the smallest and statistically significant (left kidney: 0.69 ± 0.51; right kidney: 0.58 ± 0.41, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Using ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) in conjunction with a Butterworth filter (fc = 0.6) as the post-processing method, nuclear medicine tomography enables more accurate renal depth measurements without increasing the radiation dose to patients.

PURPOSE

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

目的

本研究旨在以CT测量作为参考标准，评估四种肾脏深度测量方法——核医学断层扫描、核医学侧位扫描、超声以及基于托内森公式的估计法——的准确性。此外，本研究还探究了在Tc-DTPA肾动态显像中利用核医学断层扫描和侧位扫描测量肾脏深度的可行性。

方法

3D打印模仿成人肾脏形状和体积的中空肾脏模型，并注入高锝酸盐溶液。然后使用碲锌镉（CZT）单光子发射计算机断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（SPECT/CT）对这些模型进行侧位扫描和核医学断层扫描，以确定最佳后处理方法。招募40例行肾动态显像的患者进行研究。通过超声、侧位显像、核医学断层扫描、基于公式的估计法以及CT测量得出肾脏深度。将通过这四种方法获得的肾脏深度与CT测量的肾脏深度进行相关性分析。此外，分析并比较各方法获得的肾脏深度与CT标准之间的绝对差异。

结果

对于肾脏模型，使用巴特沃斯滤波器（截止频率=0.6）处理核医学断层扫描图像，并手动勾勒侧位图像中的肾脏轮廓。在临床验证阶段，相关系数表明，与CT测量相比，核医学断层扫描（左肾：R=0.885，P<0.05；右肾：R=0.927，P<0.05）和侧位扫描（左肾：R=0.933，P<0.05；右肾：R=0.956，P<0.05）测量的肾脏深度之间存在强相关性。核医学断层扫描与CT测量之间的肾脏深度差异最小且具有统计学意义（左肾：0.69±0.51；右肾：0.58±0.41，P<0.05）。