Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Altınbas University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Altınbas University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Nov 14;24(1):1376. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05136-2.
Proper anchorage control is crucial for predictable tooth movement and preventing inadequate torque during orthodontic treatment. Through clinical and radiographic parameters; this study assesses the association between mini-screws and periodontal health.
A prospective observational study included 16 systemically healthy non-smoking individuals requiring mini-screws. Mini-screws with a rough, titanium oxide-coated surface were placed. Periodontal assessments (Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, gingival recession, bleeding on probing, mucosal discomfort, mucosal redness, keratinized tissue width, supracrestal tissue height, and transmucosal soft tissue thickness) were performed at 2nd week and 3 months post-placement. Radiographic evaluations measured distances between mini-screws and adjacent teeth using Image J software.
The study included 13 females and 3 males (mean age 21.9 ± 1.8 years) with 24 mini-screws. Early mini-screw loss was not observed. Significant reductions in site-level Gingival Index and bleeding on probing (p < 0.05) and full-mouth bleeding on probing (p < 0.05) were noted over time. Absence of significant differences was found in mucosal discomfort and redness, keratinized tissue width, or transmucosal soft tissue thickness, but supracrestal tissue height decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Radiographically, significant bone reduction around mini-screws was observed at 3 months, with torque gauge values significantly decreased as well (p < 0.05).
Orthodontic mini-screws can be effectively utilized in orthodontic treatment with proper planning and monitoring. While improvements in gingival health were observed with targeted oral care, the study underscores the need for careful consideration of potential risks to periodontal tissues, such as reductions in supracrestal tissue height and bone levels. A balanced approach that integrates preventive strategies with precise screw placement is essential to maximize the benefits of mini-screws while minimizing potential periodontal complications.
While proper oral hygiene can help control inflammation around mini-screw sites, clinicians must also be mindful of potential risks, such as reductions in bone levels and tissue height. Careful patient selection, precise placement, and regular follow-up are crucial to ensure the stability of mini-screws' stability and to prevent complications, ultimately contributing to better treatment outcomes in orthodontic care.
This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the registration number NCT06491849 on June 28, 2024.
适当的锚固控制对于可预测的牙齿移动和预防正畸治疗中扭矩不足至关重要。本研究通过临床和影像学参数评估微型螺钉与牙周健康的关系。
一项前瞻性观察研究纳入了 16 名需要微型螺钉的系统健康非吸烟者。植入表面粗糙、涂有氧化钛的微型螺钉。在植入后第 2 周和 3 个月时进行牙周评估（菌斑指数、牙龈指数、探诊袋深度、牙龈退缩、探诊出血、黏膜不适、黏膜发红、角化组织宽度、龈上组织高度和黏膜下软组织厚度）。使用 Image J 软件测量微型螺钉和相邻牙齿之间的距离进行影像学评估。
该研究包括 13 名女性和 3 名男性（平均年龄 21.9±1.8 岁），共植入 24 颗微型螺钉。早期未观察到微型螺钉丢失。随着时间的推移，龈指数和探诊出血（p<0.05）以及全口探诊出血（p<0.05）显著降低。黏膜不适和发红、角化组织宽度或黏膜下软组织厚度无显著差异，但龈上组织高度显著降低（p<0.05）。影像学上，在 3 个月时观察到微型螺钉周围的骨量显著减少，扭矩计值也显著降低（p<0.05）。
在进行适当的规划和监测的情况下，正畸微型螺钉可有效地用于正畸治疗。虽然通过有针对性的口腔护理观察到牙龈健康状况有所改善，但研究强调需要谨慎考虑牙周组织的潜在风险，如龈上组织高度和骨水平的降低。一种平衡的方法，结合预防策略和精确的螺钉放置，对于最大限度地发挥微型螺钉的益处并最大程度地减少潜在的牙周并发症至关重要。
虽然适当的口腔卫生可以帮助控制微型螺钉部位的炎症，但临床医生还必须注意潜在的风险，如骨量和组织高度的降低。仔细选择患者、精确放置和定期随访对于确保微型螺钉的稳定性和预防并发症至关重要，最终有助于改善正畸治疗的结果。
本研究于 2024 年 6 月 28 日在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上注册，注册号为 NCT06491849。
