Hearon B F, Brinkley J W
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1986 Feb;57(2):113-21.
Human response to vertical (+Gz) impact acceleration was evaluated as a function of various seat cushions, including current operational cushions used in such aircraft as the A-10, F-15, and F-111 and proposed alternative cushions comprised of rate-dependent, slow-recovery polyurethane foams. There were 133 tests conducted of volunteer subjects in seven different experimental conditions, using a vertical deceleration tower facility. The mean peak acceleration of the impact carriage for these tests was 9.85 G (S.D. = 0.07) and the mean carriage velocity change was 8.01 m X s-1 (S.D. = 0.05). Resultant seat loads and head and chest accelerations were significantly higher for the F-111 cushion than for the rate-dependent foam cushions, which included cushions comprised of Confor foam or Temper foam. Resultant head and chest accelerations were also significantly higher for the ACES II cushion than for the rate-dependent foam cushions. Therefore, from an impact protection standpoint, the operational cushions were inferior to the proposed alternative cushions. Operational use of rate-dependent foam cushions is recommended to improve the impact protection performance of escape systems. Flight tests conducted by the USAF Strategic Air Command have shown that these cushions enhance crewmember sitting comfort during long-duration missions.
评估了人类对垂直（+Gz）冲击加速度的反应，该反应是各种座垫的函数，包括目前在A - 10、F - 15和F - 111等飞机上使用的操作座垫，以及由速率依赖型、慢恢复聚氨酯泡沫组成的替代座垫。使用垂直减速塔设施，在七种不同的实验条件下对133名志愿者受试者进行了测试。这些测试中冲击滑架的平均峰值加速度为9.85 G（标准差 = 0.07），滑架平均速度变化为8.01 m·s-1（标准差 = 0.05）。F - 111座垫产生的座椅负荷以及头部和胸部加速度显著高于速率依赖型泡沫座垫，后者包括由Confor泡沫或Temper泡沫组成的座垫。ACES II座垫产生的头部和胸部加速度也显著高于速率依赖型泡沫座垫。因此，从冲击保护的角度来看，操作座垫不如提议的替代座垫。建议在操作中使用速率依赖型泡沫座垫，以提高逃生系统的冲击保护性能。美国空军战略空军司令部进行的飞行测试表明，这些座垫可提高机组人员在长时间任务中的坐姿舒适度。
