Hinkley R E, Wright B D, Greenberg C A
Biol Reprod. 1986 Feb;34(1):119-25. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod34.1.119.
The volatile anesthetic halothane rapidly and dose-dependently induces the acrosome reaction in sperm of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. The reaction occurs equally well in artificial sea water containing 10 mM Ca2+ and in low (less than 100 microM)-Ca2+ media. The anesthetic-induced acrosome reaction can be prevented by pretreating sperm with EGTA, lanthanum, or procaine. In contrast, the Ca2+ channel blockers D-600, verapamil, diltiazem, and nitrendipene do not prevent the reaction. Acrosomal processes induced by halothane are ultrastructurally identical to those induced by egg jelly, the natural inducer of the acrosome reaction. These results suggest that Ca2+ in low quantity is required for the anesthetic-induced acrosome reaction and may be derived from internal sources. Enflurane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane also induce the acrosome reaction, indicating that volatile anesthetics may be useful in studying ion changes accompanying sperm activation.
挥发性麻醉剂氟烷能迅速且剂量依赖性地诱导海胆（Lytechinus variegatus）精子发生顶体反应。在含有10 mM Ca2+的人工海水中以及低钙（小于100 microM）培养基中，该反应均能良好发生。用乙二醇双四乙酸（EGTA）、镧或普鲁卡因预处理精子可预防麻醉剂诱导的顶体反应。相比之下，Ca2+通道阻滞剂D - 600、维拉帕米、地尔硫䓬和尼群地平并不能预防该反应。氟烷诱导的顶体突起在超微结构上与由顶体反应的天然诱导剂卵胶诱导产生的顶体突起相同。这些结果表明，麻醉剂诱导的顶体反应需要少量的Ca2+，且可能来源于内部来源。恩氟烷、异氟烷和甲氧氟烷也能诱导顶体反应，这表明挥发性麻醉剂可能有助于研究精子激活过程中伴随的离子变化。
