Mata Paloma, Calovi Stefano, Benli Kami Pars, Iglesias Leyre, Hernández María Isabel, Martín Abraham, Pérez-Samartín Alberto, Ramos-Murguialday Ander, Domercq María, Ortego-Isasa Iñaki
Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.
Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2024 Nov 1;18:1455158. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1455158. eCollection 2024.
Ischemic stroke consists of rapid neural death as a consequence of brain vessel obstruction, followed by damage to the neighboring tissue known as ischemic penumbra. The cerebral tissue in the core of the lesions becomes irreversibly damaged, however, the ischemic penumbra is potentially recoverable during the initial phases after the stroke. Therefore, there is real need for emerging therapeutic strategies to reduce ischemic damage and its spread to the penumbral region. For this reason, we tested the effect of Extreme Low Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation (ELF-EMS) on primary neuronal and microglial cultures under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions. ELF-EMS under basal non-OGD conditions did not induce any effect in cell survival. However, ELF-EMS significantly reduced neuronal cell death in OGD conditions and reduced ischemic induced Ca overload. Likewise, ELF-EMS modulated microglia activation and OGD-induced microglia cell death. Hence, this study suggests potential benefits in the application of ELF-EMS to limit ischemic irreversible damages under stroke conditions, encouraging preclinical validations of ELF-EMS as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
缺血性中风是由于脑血管阻塞导致神经迅速死亡，随后邻近组织即缺血半暗带受到损伤。病变核心部位的脑组织会发生不可逆损伤，然而，缺血半暗带在中风后的初始阶段有可能恢复。因此，迫切需要新的治疗策略来减少缺血性损伤及其向半暗带区域的扩散。出于这个原因，我们测试了极低频电磁刺激（ELF-EMS）在氧糖剥夺（OGD）条件下对原代神经元和小胶质细胞培养物的影响。在基础非OGD条件下，ELF-EMS对细胞存活没有任何影响。然而，ELF-EMS显著减少了OGD条件下的神经元细胞死亡，并减少了缺血诱导的钙超载。同样，ELF-EMS调节了小胶质细胞的激活以及OGD诱导的小胶质细胞死亡。因此，本研究表明在中风条件下应用ELF-EMS来限制缺血性不可逆损伤具有潜在益处，这鼓励对ELF-EMS作为缺血性中风潜在治疗策略进行临床前验证。
