Frank-Publig Sophie, Birner Klaudia, Riedl Sophie, Reiter Gregor S, Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula
Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Eye (Lond). 2025 Feb;39(2):262-273. doi: 10.1038/s41433-024-03460-z. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
The human population is steadily growing with increased life expectancy, impacting the prevalence of age-dependent diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Health care systems are confronted with an increasing burden with rising patient numbers accompanied by ongoing developments of therapeutic approaches. Concurrent advances in imaging modalities provide eye care professionals with a large amount of data for each patient. Furthermore, with continuous progress in therapeutics, there is an unmet need for reliable structural and functional biomarkers in clinical trials and practice to optimize personalized patient care and evaluate individual responses to treatment. A fast and objective solution is Artificial intelligence (AI), which has revolutionized assessment of AMD in all disease stages. Reliable and validated AI-algorithms can aid to overcome the growing number of patients, visits and necessary treatments as well as maximize the benefits of multimodal imaging in clinical trials. Therefore, there are ongoing efforts to develop and validate automated algorithms to unlock more information from datasets allowing automated assessment of disease activity and disease progression. This review aims to present selected AI algorithms, their development, applications and challenges regarding assessment and prediction of AMD progression.
随着预期寿命的增加，人口在稳步增长，这影响了包括年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）在内的与年龄相关疾病的患病率。医疗保健系统面临着日益增加的负担，患者数量不断上升，同时治疗方法也在不断发展。成像技术的同步进步为眼科护理专业人员提供了每个患者的大量数据。此外，随着治疗方法的不断进步，在临床试验和实践中，对于可靠的结构和功能生物标志物存在未满足的需求，以优化个性化患者护理并评估个体对治疗的反应。一个快速且客观的解决方案是人工智能（AI），它彻底改变了对AMD所有疾病阶段的评估。可靠且经过验证的AI算法有助于克服患者数量、就诊次数和必要治疗不断增加的问题，并在临床试验中最大化多模态成像的益处。因此，人们正在不断努力开发和验证自动化算法，以从数据集中挖掘更多信息，实现对疾病活动和疾病进展的自动化评估。本综述旨在介绍有关AMD进展评估和预测的选定AI算法、其开发、应用及挑战。
