Feng Yanqiong, Cheng Lili, Zhou Weiying, Lu Jiru, Huang Huiyu
Department of Medical Services, Shanghai Civil Affairs Second Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
Department of General Practice, Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2025 Feb;23(1):30-40. doi: 10.1089/met.2024.0155. Epub 2024 Nov 19.
The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the prospective association between MetS and AD risk and to explore how individual MetS components contribute to this relationship. Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase were conducted up to April 12, 2024. Relevant prospective cohort studies were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the associations. A random-effects model was used to incorporate the potential impact of heterogeneity. Six prospective cohort studies with seven datasets, including 484,994 participants and a follow-up of 3.5 to 13.0 years, were included. The pooled analysis showed no significant association between MetS and AD risk (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89-1.04, = 0.37; = 0%). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed these findings. Individual MetS components exhibited varied effects as follows: abdominal obesity was linked to a reduced AD risk (Risk ratio (RR): 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.88, = 0.002), whereas high blood pressure (BP) (RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.27, = 0.007) and hyperglycemia (RR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.08-1.42, = 0.002) were associated with an increased risk. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides showed no significant associations. This meta-analysis found no significant overall association between MetS and AD risk. However, specific MetS components, such as abdominal obesity, high BP, and hyperglycemia, may influence AD risk differently.
代谢综合征（MetS）与阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险之间的关系尚不清楚。本荟萃分析旨在阐明MetS与AD风险之间的前瞻性关联，并探讨MetS的各个组成部分如何促成这种关系。截至2024年4月12日，对MEDLINE、科学网和Embase进行了全面检索。纳入了相关的前瞻性队列研究。计算风险比（HRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）以评估关联。采用随机效应模型纳入异质性的潜在影响。纳入了六项前瞻性队列研究，包含七个数据集，涉及484,994名参与者，随访时间为3.5至13.0年。汇总分析显示，MetS与AD风险之间无显著关联（HR：0.96，95% CI：0.89 - 1.04，I² = 0.37；P = 0%）。敏感性分析和亚组分析证实了这些结果。MetS的各个组成部分表现出不同的影响，具体如下：腹型肥胖与AD风险降低相关（风险比（RR）：0.70，95% CI：0.56 - 0.88，I² = 0.002），而高血压（BP）（RR：1.15，95% CI：1.04 - 1.27，I² = 0.007）和高血糖（RR：1.24，95% CI：1.08 - 1.42，I² = 0.002）与风险增加相关。低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高甘油三酯无显著关联。本荟萃分析发现，MetS与AD风险之间总体无显著关联。然而，MetS的特定组成部分，如腹型肥胖、高血压和高血糖，可能对AD风险有不同的影响。
