身体活动和久坐行为干预措施在衰弱和多种长期疾病患者及其非正式照护者中的应用：系统评价和利益相关者咨询。

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions and their informal carers: a scoping review and stakeholder consultation.

机构信息

Leicester Diabetes Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Therapy Department, University of Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.

出版信息

Age Ageing. 2024 Nov 4;53(11). doi: 10.1093/ageing/afae255.

DOI:10.1093/ageing/afae255

PMID:39558868

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11574057/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers.

METHODS

Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extracted data. Results were shared with three stakeholder groups (n = 21) in a consultation phase.

RESULTS

After screening, 155 papers from 144 studies (1 ongoing) were retained. The majority were randomised controlled trials (86, 55%). Participants' mean age was 73 ± 12 years, and 73% were of White ethnicity. MLTC and frailty measurement varied widely. Most participants were pre-to-moderately frail. Physical health conditions predominated over mental health conditions.Interventions focused on structured exercise (83 studies, 60%) or combined interventions (55 studies, 39%). Two (1%) and one (0.7%) focused solely on habitual physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Adherence was 81% (interquartile range 62%-89%) with goal setting, monitoring and support important to adherence. Carers were only involved in 15 (11%) studies. Most interventions reported positive outcomes, primarily focusing on body functions and structures.

CONCLUSIONS

A modest volume of evidence exists on multicomponent structured exercise interventions, with less focus on habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Interventions report largely positive effects, but an updated systematic review is required. The field could be advanced by more rigorous characterisation of MLTCs, socioeconomic status and ethnicity, increased informal carer involvement and further evaluation of habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions.

摘要

简介

本范围综述绘制了针对同时患有虚弱和多种长期疾病（MLTC）及其非专业照护者的体力活动（包括结构化锻炼）和久坐行为干预（减少久坐行为的干预）的证据。

方法

从 2000 年到 2023 年 10 月，我们在 10 个数据库和灰色文献中进行了搜索。两名评审员筛选了研究，一名评审员提取了数据。在咨询阶段，结果与三个利益相关者群体（n=21）进行了分享。

结果

经过筛选，从 144 项研究（1 项正在进行中）中保留了 155 篇论文。大多数是随机对照试验（86 项，占 55%）。参与者的平均年龄为 73±12 岁，73%为白种人。MLTC 和虚弱的测量方法差异很大。大多数参与者为轻度至中度虚弱。身体健康状况比心理健康状况更为常见。干预措施侧重于结构化锻炼（83 项研究，占 60%）或综合干预措施（55 项研究，占 39%）。仅有两项（1%）和一项（0.7%）仅专注于习惯性体力活动或久坐行为。依从性为 81%（四分位距 62%-89%），目标设定、监测和支持对依从性很重要。仅 15 项（11%）研究涉及非专业照护者。大多数干预措施报告了积极的结果，主要集中在身体功能和结构上。