社会人口统计学、烟草使用和心理健康特征对参加社区戒烟项目的成年人治疗依从性的影响。
The influence of sociodemographic, tobacco use, and mental health characteristics on treatment adherence among adults enrolled in a community-based tobacco cessation program.
作者信息
Ogunsanya Motolani E, Frank-Pearce Summer G, Chen Sixia, Sifat Munjireen, Cohn Amy M, Businelle Michael S, Kendzor Darla E
机构信息
College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
出版信息
Addict Behav Rep. 2024 Oct 19;20:100568. doi: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100568. eCollection 2024 Dec.
BACKGROUND
While counseling and pharmacological interventions are known to facilitate smoking cessation, poor adherence can impact their effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to identify personal and clinical factors that influenced adherence to smoking cessation treatment among socioeconomically disadvantaged adult Oklahomans enrolled in a publicly available tobacco treatment program and observational research study.
METHODS
Adult participants () were enrolled in a community-based tobacco treatment program. Logistic regression models identified sociodemographic, mental health, and substance use characteristics associated with treatment adherence. Adherence was measured by counseling session attendance and weeks of moderate/high medication adherence assessed via the Medication Adherence Questionnaire. Analyses were conducted using SAS 9.4 with p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Participants (mean age of 53, 55 % female, and 42.3 % racially minoritized), smoked 16 (SD = 10) cigarettes/day for 30 years on average (SD = 15), and 44.8 % reported depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale [CESD] score ≥ 10). Self-efficacy, White race, increasing age, and years of smoking were positively associated with counseling adherence, while menthol use, being uninsured, and depression predicted lower counseling adherence. Medication adherence was lower among individuals who used menthol cigarettes, lived with someone who smoked, and had higher levels of expired carbon monoxide.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights key factors that influenced adherence to smoking cessation treatment in a socioeconomically disadvantaged population. Tailored interventions are needed to address social, behavioral, and environmental factors, such as living situations and mental health, in smoking cessation interventions to enhance treatment outcomes for underserved populations. Future tobacco cessation programs should consider these factors to improve adherence and, ultimately, success rates.
背景
虽然咨询和药物干预有助于戒烟，但依从性差会影响其效果。因此，本研究旨在确定影响参加公开可用烟草治疗项目和观察性研究的俄克拉荷马州社会经济弱势成年人戒烟治疗依从性的个人和临床因素。
方法
成年参与者（）参加了一个基于社区的烟草治疗项目。逻辑回归模型确定了与治疗依从性相关的社会人口统计学、心理健康和物质使用特征。依从性通过咨询 session 出席情况和通过药物依从性问卷评估的中度/高度药物依从性周数来衡量。使用 SAS 9.4 进行分析，p < 0.05。
结果
参与者（平均年龄53岁，55%为女性，42.3%为少数族裔）平均每天吸16支（标准差 = 10）香烟，持续30年（标准差 = 15），44.8%报告有抑郁症（流行病学研究中心抑郁量表[CESD]得分≥10）。自我效能感、白人种族、年龄增长和吸烟年限与咨询依从性呈正相关，而薄荷醇使用、未参保和抑郁症预示着咨询依从性较低。使用薄荷醇香烟、与吸烟者同住且呼出一氧化碳水平较高的个体药物依从性较低。
结论
本研究强调了影响社会经济弱势人群戒烟治疗依从性的关键因素。需要采取针对性干预措施，以解决戒烟干预中的社会、行为和环境因素，如生活状况和心理健康，以提高服务不足人群的治疗效果。未来的戒烟项目应考虑这些因素，以提高依从性，最终提高成功率。
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