Li Tian-Tian, Fang Zi-Shui, Xue Yu-Xin, Chen Shi-Jun, Yang Ying-Xin, Li Tie-Jun, Yang Yue, Wu Yan
Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China.
Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2024 Nov 18;17(11):2109-2119. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2024.11.18. eCollection 2024.
To understand the current situation of parental perspectives, knowledge, and practices concerning myopia prevention and control for both pre- and school-aged children.
This study was a cross-sectional survey that involved children aged 0 to 15y and their parents. Participants were required to respond to an online questionnaire by scanning a quick response (QR) code. The questionnaire consisted of 25 tick-box questions and was open to response from December 22, 2022, to January 5, 2023. The dioptric traits of the children, the visual status and educational background of the parents, the parental perspectives towards myopia and its risks, and the parents' knowledge and practices related to myopia prevention and control were recorded and measured. The Chi-square test and binomial logistic regression were used for statistics.
Totally 350 parents responded to the questionnaire. The prevalence and severity of myopia among the surveyed children exhibited a positive correlation with advancing age (<0.001 and =0.004, respectively). Nearly half of parents with myopic children considered myopia did not pose any health threat and could be effectively corrected (<0.001). Parents who held master's or doctoral degree demonstrated a better understanding of children's vision standards for each age group (=0.001), and 31.63% of them could undergo initial vision screening for their children during the age of 0 to 3y while parents with bachelor's degree (34.04%) and below (32.43%) mainly initiated the vision examination for their children at the age of 4 to 6y (=0.05). Parents with master's or doctoral degree also exhibited more rational practices concerning outdoor time (=0.048) and sleep time (=0.044). No other significant discrepancy among the different educational groups in additional conceptions of myopia, such as hyperopia reserve, axis length, and corneal curvature alterations. Most parents preferred to employ conventional interventions, such as enhancing indoor lighting condition (80.00%) and ensuring appropriate reading posture and distance (71.71%).
The current status of parental knowledge and practices about myopia prevention and control remains outdated and deficient. The administrative department should implement efficacious and adaptable measures to enhance parental awareness and foster their commitment towards myopia prevention and control.
了解学龄前和学龄儿童家长对近视防控的看法、知识和做法的现状。
本研究为横断面调查，涉及0至15岁儿童及其家长。参与者需通过扫描二维码回答在线问卷。问卷由25个勾选框问题组成，于2022年12月22日至2023年1月5日开放作答。记录并测量了儿童的屈光特征、家长的视力状况和教育背景、家长对近视及其风险的看法，以及家长与近视防控相关的知识和做法。采用卡方检验和二项逻辑回归进行统计分析。
共有350名家长回复了问卷。受调查儿童近视的患病率和严重程度与年龄增长呈正相关（分别为<0.001和=0.004）。近一半有近视孩子的家长认为近视不会对健康构成任何威胁且可以有效矫正（<0.001）。拥有硕士或博士学位的家长对各年龄组儿童的视力标准有更好的了解（=0.001），其中31.63%的家长能在孩子0至3岁时进行首次视力筛查，而拥有学士学位（34.04%）及以下学位（32.43%）的家长主要在孩子4至6岁时开始为其进行视力检查（=0.05）。拥有硕士或博士学位的家长在户外活动时间（=0.048）和睡眠时间（=0.044）方面也表现出更合理的做法。不同教育程度组在远视储备、眼轴长度和角膜曲率变化等近视相关的其他概念上没有其他显著差异。大多数家长更倾向于采用传统干预措施，如改善室内照明条件（80.00%）和确保合适的阅读姿势及距离（71.71%）。
家长对近视防控的知识和做法现状仍然陈旧且不足。行政部门应采取有效且适用的措施，提高家长的意识并促进他们对近视防控的参与度。
