Lauer Jacqueline M, Bhaise Shilpa, Dhurde Varsha, Gugel Abigail, Shah Miloni, Hibberd Patricia L, Patel Archana, Locks Lindsey M
Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Lata Medical Research Foundation, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Oct 15;8(11):104476. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104476. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Anemia during pregnancy may be associated with poor infant outcomes, although its consequences may vary based on etiology and timing.
We examined the associations between anemia and anemia-related biomarkers during pregnancy and infant outcomes [birthweight, gestational age at birth, birthweight-for-gestational age percentile, and infant hemoglobin (Hb) at 6 wk of age] in Nagpur, Eastern Maharashtra, India.
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 200 pregnant women. In the first trimester, venous blood was collected to assess Hb via cyanmethemoglobin analysis, micronutrient status (ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate), and inflammation (C-reactive protein). Hb was also assessed in capillary samples using a hemoglobinometer in the first and third trimesters for mothers and at 6 wk for infants. Associations were assessed using generalized linear models controlling for background characteristics.
In the first trimester, high (compared with normal) venous Hb was significantly associated with lower gestational age at birth [: -1.0 wk, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.9, -0.2] and higher birthweight-for-gestational age percentile (: 20.1, 95% CI: 9.0, 31.2). Mild anemia, moderate anemia, and high (compared with normal) capillary Hb were significantly associated with lower birthweight (: -147.7 g, 95% CI: -243.4, -51.7; : -77.7 g, 95% CI: -123.9, -31.4; and : -236.0 g, 95% CI: -478.0, -48.1) and birthweight-for-gestational age percentile (: -7.3, 95% CI: -13.7, -0.9; : -8.4, 95% CI: -14.1, -2.8; and : -8.9, 95% CI: -15.9, -1.9). Higher serum ferritin was significantly associated with higher birthweight (: 2.0 g, 95% CI: 0.1, 3.9) and gestational age at birth (: 0.01 wk, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.01). In the third trimester, mild anemia was significantly associated with lower gestational age at birth (: -0.5 wk, 95% CI: -0.7, -0.3).
Associations between maternal anemia during pregnancy and infant outcomes were mixed indicating further studies are needed to better understand these relationships.
孕期贫血可能与不良的婴儿结局相关，尽管其后果可能因病因和发生时间而异。
我们在印度马哈拉施特拉邦东部那格浦尔市，研究了孕期贫血及贫血相关生物标志物与婴儿结局[出生体重、出生时的孕周、出生体重相对于孕周的百分位数以及婴儿6周龄时的血红蛋白（Hb）]之间的关联。
我们对200名孕妇进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。在孕早期，采集静脉血，通过氰化高铁血红蛋白分析法评估血红蛋白、微量营养素状况（铁蛋白、维生素B12和叶酸）以及炎症指标（C反应蛋白）。在孕早期和孕晚期，还使用血红蛋白仪对母亲的毛细血管样本进行血红蛋白评估，对婴儿则在6周龄时进行评估。使用控制背景特征的广义线性模型评估关联。
在孕早期，较高（与正常相比）的静脉血红蛋白与较低的出生孕周显著相关[：-1.0周，95%置信区间（CI）：-1.9，-0.2]以及较高的出生体重相对于孕周的百分位数[：20.1，95%CI：9.0，31.2]。轻度贫血、中度贫血以及较高（与正常相比）的毛细血管血红蛋白与较低的出生体重显著相关[：-147.7克，95%CI：-243.4，-51.7；：-77.7克，95%CI：-123.9，-31.4；以及：-236.0克，95%CI：-478.0，-48.1]和出生体重相对于孕周的百分位数[：-7.3，95%CI：-13.7，-0.9；：-8.4，95%CI：-14.1，-2.8；以及：-8.9，95%CI：-15.9，-1.9]。较高的血清铁蛋白与较高出生体重[：2.0克，95%CI：0.1，3.9]和出生孕周[：0.01周，95%CI：0.00，0.01]显著相关。在孕晚期，轻度贫血与较低的出生孕周显著相关[：-0.5周，95%CI：-0.7，-0.3]。
孕期母亲贫血与婴儿结局之间的关联是复杂的，这表明需要进一步研究以更好地理解这些关系。
