Faria Ana C M, Fock Ricardo A, Soares Irene S, Silveira Eduardo L V
Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - 05508-000, Brazil.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2025 May;79(5):490-493. doi: 10.1038/s41430-024-01545-2. Epub 2024 Nov 20.
Malaria continues to afflict hundreds of millions of lives annually, causing substantial fatalities despite available vaccines endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, these vaccines lack efficacy against Plasmodium vivax (Pv). Concomitantly, a considerable part of residents from several Pv-endemic areas face malnutrition, compromising their immunity to diseases, including malaria. Since our group developed an immunogenic yeast-expressing recombinant Pv circumsporozoite protein (yPvCSP-All epitopes) capable of protecting mice against lethal transgenic parasites, we investigated the influence of malnutrition on vaccine-derived responses in C57Bl/6 mice. Animals subjected to a protein-restricted diet presented protein-energetic malnutrition, diminished vaccine-specific IgG-secreting cells in the bone marrow, and reduced IgG and IgG1 serum titers compared to mice under a control diet. IgM titers remained consistent across groups, suggesting that the nutrition status may influence the antibody affinity maturation. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of proper nutrition in enhancing vaccination immunity against Pv malaria.
疟疾每年仍困扰着数亿人的生活，尽管有世界卫生组织（WHO）认可的可用疫苗，但仍导致大量死亡。然而，这些疫苗对间日疟原虫（Pv）缺乏效力。与此同时，几个Pv流行地区的相当一部分居民面临营养不良，损害了他们对包括疟疾在内的疾病的免疫力。自从我们的团队开发出一种表达免疫原性酵母的重组Pv环子孢子蛋白（yPvCSP - 所有表位），能够保护小鼠免受致命的转基因寄生虫感染以来，我们研究了营养不良对C57Bl/6小鼠疫苗衍生反应的影响。与对照饮食的小鼠相比，接受蛋白质限制饮食的动物出现蛋白质 - 能量营养不良，骨髓中分泌疫苗特异性IgG的细胞减少，IgG和IgG1血清滴度降低。各实验组的IgM滴度保持一致，表明营养状况可能影响抗体亲和力成熟。这些发现强调了适当营养在增强针对Pv疟疾的疫苗免疫方面的关键作用。
