School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024 Nov 19;15(1):441. doi: 10.1186/s13287-024-04055-x.
Mandibular retraction is a prevalent dental and maxillofacial deformity that negatively affects patients' functional health and facial aesthetics. It has been challenging to achieve optimal outcomes for patients who have passed the peak of growth and development using only functional orthopedic treatment. There is a pressing need to explore innovative methods to promote the adaptive remodeling of adult condylar cartilage and the mandible in response to external stimuli. This study aimed to investigate the impact of varying injection frequencies of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) on the growth and development of condylar cartilage and the mandible, as well as their potential for adaptive remodeling.
The study was conducted on 8-week-old adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of SCAPs injection and different durations of mandibular advancement (MA) on the adaptive remodeling of condylar cartilage and the mandible were assessed. After the initial experimental findings, various injection frequencies of SCAPs were applied to determine the most effective conditions for promoting the growth and adaptive remodeling of condylar cartilage and the mandible during an 8-week period of mandibular advancement.
The study found that rats with extended mandibular lead times (8 weeks) or an appropriately increased frequency of mandibular leading time (once every 2 weeks or once every 1 week) exhibited increased lengths of the mandibular body and ascending branch, and a thickened full layer of condylar cartilage. The highest proportions of the proliferative layer, mature layer, and hypertrophic layer were observed in these rats. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the expression levels of SOX9 and COL2A1.
The data from this study suggest that adult rats, even after missing their peak growth period, retain the potential for continued growth and development of their condylar cartilage. By prolonging the duration of mandibular advancement and administering injections of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs), it is possible to stimulate the growth and development of the mandibular condyle.
下颌后缩是一种常见的牙颌面畸形，会对患者的功能健康和面部美观产生负面影响。对于已经过生长发育高峰期的患者，仅采用功能性矫形治疗，很难达到理想的效果。因此，迫切需要探索创新方法，以促进成年髁突软骨和下颌骨对外界刺激的适应性重塑。本研究旨在探讨不同频率注射根尖乳头干细胞（SCAPs）对髁突软骨和下颌骨生长发育的影响，以及它们在适应性重塑中的潜力。
本研究选用 8 周龄成年雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠。评估 SCAPs 注射和不同持续时间的下颌前伸（MA）对髁突软骨和下颌骨适应性重塑的影响。在初始实验结果的基础上，应用不同频率的 SCAPs 注射，以确定在 8 周 MA 期间促进髁突软骨和下颌骨生长和适应性重塑的最佳条件。
研究发现，下颌前伸时间延长（8 周）或适当增加下颌前伸频率（每 2 周或每周 1 次）的大鼠，下颌体长和升支部增长，髁突软骨全层增厚。这些大鼠的增殖层、成熟层和肥大层比例最高。此外，SOX9 和 COL2A1 的表达水平显著增加。
本研究数据表明，成年大鼠即使错过了生长高峰期，仍具有继续生长发育髁突软骨的潜力。通过延长下颌前伸时间并注射根尖乳头干细胞（SCAPs），可以刺激下颌髁突的生长发育。
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