Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
Science. 2024 Nov 22;386(6724):870-875. doi: 10.1126/science.adp1950. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
After the near-complete cessation of commercial whaling, ship collisions have emerged as a primary threat to large whales, but knowledge of collision risk is lacking across most of the world's oceans. We compiled a dataset of 435,000 whale locations to generate global distribution models for four globally ranging species. We then combined >35 billion positions from 176,000 ships to produce a global estimate of whale-ship collision risk. Shipping occurs across 92% of whale ranges, and <7% of risk hotspots contain management strategies to reduce collisions. Full coverage of hotspots could be achieved by expanding management over only 2.6% of the ocean's surface. These inferences support the continued recovery of large whales against the backdrop of a rapidly growing shipping industry.
在商业捕鲸近乎完全停止后，船舶碰撞已成为大型鲸鱼的主要威胁，但在世界上大多数海洋中，对碰撞风险的了解还很缺乏。我们编制了一个包含 43.5 万条鲸鱼位置的数据组，为四种全球分布的物种生成了全球分布模型。然后，我们结合了来自 176,000 艘船的超过 350 亿个位置，生成了全球范围内鲸鱼与船舶碰撞风险的估计。航运活动遍及 92%的鲸鱼分布区域，而风险热点区域中只有不到 7%包含了降低碰撞风险的管理策略。通过仅扩大对海洋表面 2.6%的管理范围，就可以实现对热点区域的全面覆盖。这些推断支持在航运业快速发展的背景下，大型鲸鱼的持续恢复。
