Intracranial hypertension and papilledema secondary to an unruptured arteriovenous malformation: Review of the literature.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections of arteries and veins without intermediate capillary components. As such, AVMs can remain asymptomatic or have a variety of clinical presentations ranging from mild headaches to severe symptoms like seizures, hemorrhage, and subsequent coma. Papilledema and increased intracranial pressure without hydrocephalus or hemorrhage are rare forms of presentations of cerebral AVM. The mechanism of intracranial hypertension accompanying brain AVMs is not entirely understood, and the right treatment strategy is controversial. Here, we present the treatment and outcomes of four patients with unruptured AVMs who presented with intracranial hypertension accompanied by visual symptoms, papilledema, and without evidence of hydrocephalus. In cases of AVMs accompanied by intracranial hypertension, AVM treatment should be considered the main target of management.