Paulk Ryan T, Abbas Hamed K, Rojas M Guadalupe, Morales-Ramos Juan A, Busman Mark, Little Nathan, Shier W Thomas
Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, MS, USA.
Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2025 Feb 11;118(1):63-70. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae273.
The yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, L., can be an important component of the circular economy because of its ability to transform a variety of agricultural wastes and byproducts into valuable livestock feed. Analysis of their ability to endure toxins coupled with their potential to transfer contaminants to higher trophic levels is not complete. Fumonisins, produced primarily by Fusarium verticillioides (Hypocreales: Netriaceae) (Sacc.) Nirenberg (1976), are mycotoxins likely to be encountered by T. molitor in corn and other grain byproducts. Tenebrio molitor larvae were reared on a simulated diet of corn and other grain byproducts treated with a range of maximum recommended fumonisin B1 levels for different livestock feeds. We observed that T. molitor were able to survive, grow, and reduce by excretion and metabolism their retained fumonisin B1 levels by up to 99.7% compared to the diet they consumed. Unknown metabolic processes were inferred from the significantly reduced content of fumonisin B1 in the frass (63.1% to 73.2%) as compared to the diet and by the first report of long-chain acylated fumonisin B1 derivatives in insect frass.
黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor, L.）因其能够将各种农业废弃物和副产品转化为有价值的牲畜饲料，可成为循环经济的重要组成部分。对其耐受毒素能力以及将污染物转移到更高营养级的潜力的分析尚不完整。伏马毒素主要由轮枝镰孢菌（Fusarium verticillioides）（肉座菌目：肉座菌科）（Sacc.）Nirenberg（1976）产生，是黄粉虫在玉米和其他谷物副产品中可能遇到的霉菌毒素。黄粉虫幼虫在模拟的玉米和其他谷物副产品饲料上饲养，这些饲料用不同牲畜饲料的一系列最大推荐伏马菌素B1水平进行处理。我们观察到，与所食用的饲料相比，黄粉虫能够存活、生长，并通过排泄和代谢将其体内留存的伏马菌素B1水平降低高达99.7%。与饲料相比，粪便中伏马菌素B1含量显著降低（63.1%至73.2%），以及首次在昆虫粪便中报道长链酰化伏马菌素B1衍生物，由此推断存在未知的代谢过程。
