Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO, IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria - Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO, IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria.
Parasite. 2024;31:73. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2024068. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) are devastating diseases spread by tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), affecting humans and livestock, respectively. Current efforts to manage these diseases by eliminating the vector through the sterile insect technique (SIT) require transportation of irradiated late-stage tsetse pupae under chilling, which has been reported to reduce the biological quality of emerged flies. We therefore evaluated the impact of irradiation and transportation (including vibration and shock) on pupae at early-stage development (22 days of age) under ambient temperature and compared it to that on pupae at the late-stage development (29 days of age) under chilling, the current practice for tsetse in SIT programs. The quality of flies emerging from these transported pupae was assessed by their emergence rates, flight propensity, mating ability, insemination rates and survival rates (over ca. 100 days, and after specified shorter periods). Generally, flies emerging from the 22-day-old pupae had significantly (p < 0.05) higher values for the tested quality parameters, as compared to those emerging from 29-day-old pupae. Irradiation, transportation and the combination thereof significantly (p < 0.05) reduced all the tested quality parameters as compared with the untreated control within the 22-day-old pupae group. Further, vibration had a significant negative effect on the quality of flies, notwithstanding the age of the pupae. Irradiation and transportation of pupae at 22 days of age resulted in a higher proportion of flies of good biological quality as compared to those of 29 days of age, and hence may be considered for future SIT programs.
人体非洲锥虫病（HAT）和非洲动物锥虫病（AAT）是由采采蝇（ Glossina spp. ）传播的毁灭性疾病，分别影响人类和牲畜。目前，通过不育昆虫技术（SIT）消除媒介来管理这些疾病的努力需要在冷藏下运输辐照的晚期采采蝇蛹，据报道，这会降低成虫的生物质量。因此，我们评估了在环境温度下对早期发育（22 天龄）的蛹进行辐照和运输（包括振动和冲击）的影响，并将其与在冷藏下对晚期发育（29 天龄）的蛹进行的影响进行了比较，这是 SIT 项目中采采蝇的当前做法。通过它们的出蛹率、飞行倾向、交配能力、授精率和存活率（约 100 天，以及在指定的较短时间内）来评估从这些运输蛹中出现的苍蝇的质量。一般来说，与 29 天龄的蛹相比，从 22 天龄的蛹中出现的苍蝇在测试的质量参数方面具有显著（p<0.05）更高的值。与未处理的对照组相比，辐照、运输及其组合在 22 天龄的蛹组中显著（p<0.05）降低了所有测试的质量参数。此外，无论蛹的年龄如何，振动对苍蝇的质量都有显著的负面影响。与 29 天龄的蛹相比，22 天龄的蛹辐照和运输导致具有良好生物学质量的苍蝇比例更高，因此可能被考虑用于未来的 SIT 项目。
