Wei Ming, Wang Bing, Chen Miao, Wu Pan, Zhang Xueyang
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
Environ Pollut. 2025 Feb 1;366:125371. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125371. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
Antimony (Sb) mining and smelting activities caused Sb and arsenic (As) pollution in the soil, posing a threat to the ecosystem and human health. To remediate Sb and As in co-contaminated soil and realize the resource utilization of typical industrial solid waste, electrolytic manganese residue (EMR)-biochar composite (EB) was prepared from EMR and distillers grains by a facile one-step pyrolysis method. The immobilization effect of EB on Sb and As in soil was studied using a column leaching experiment. Pot and soil incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of EB on the bioavailability of Sb/As and microbial communities. The results showed that 4 wt% EB treatment reduced the accumulated contents of Sb and As in leachates by 29.21%-55.65% and 53.51%-68.95%, respectively, compared with the control. EB treatment (1 wt%) improved plant height, root length, phytomass, and chlorophyll content of Brassica campestris L. Compared to the untreated soils, 4 wt% EB treatment increased the well-crystallized hydrous oxides and residual fractions of Sb and As by 4.29%-6.23% and 4.09%-7.03%, respectively. The concentrations of bioavailable Sb and As in soil were reduced by 48.01%-71.92% and 52.31%-53.81%, respectively. EB interacted with As/Sb-resistant dominant microorganisms such as Proteobacteria in the soil, promoted their growth, and enhanced the immobilization of Sb/As. EB increased the relative abundance of redox-related bacteria of Sb and As (Thiobacillus and Sulfuriferula) by affecting soil EC and bioavailable Sb/As. The immobilization of As and Sb by EB include complexation, hydrogen bonding, and pore filling. These findings provide novel insights into the remediation of Sb and As co-contaminated soils.
锑（Sb）的采矿和冶炼活动导致土壤中锑和砷（As）污染，对生态系统和人类健康构成威胁。为修复共污染土壤中的锑和砷，并实现典型工业固体废物的资源利用，采用简便的一步热解方法，以电解锰渣（EMR）和酒糟为原料制备了电解锰渣-生物炭复合材料（EB）。通过柱淋溶实验研究了EB对土壤中锑和砷的固定效果。进行盆栽和土壤培养实验，以研究EB对锑/砷生物有效性和微生物群落的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，4 wt%的EB处理使渗滤液中锑和砷的累积含量分别降低了29.21%-55.65%和53.51%-68.95%。EB处理（1 wt%）提高了油菜的株高、根长、生物量和叶绿素含量。与未处理土壤相比，4 wt%的EB处理使锑和砷的结晶良好的水合氧化物和残留组分分别增加了4.29%-6.23%和4.09%-7.03%。土壤中生物可利用的锑和砷浓度分别降低了48.01%-71.92%和52.31%-53.81%。EB与土壤中抗锑/砷的优势微生物（如变形菌门）相互作用，促进其生长，并增强了锑/砷的固定。EB通过影响土壤电导率和生物可利用的锑/砷，增加了与锑和砷氧化还原相关细菌（硫杆菌属和硫杆菌属）的相对丰度。EB对砷和锑的固定包括络合、氢键作用和孔隙填充。这些发现为修复锑和砷共污染土壤提供了新的见解。
