Ansari Md Meraj, Shin Myeongyeon, Kim Minhye, Ghosh Mrinmoy, Kim Sung-Hak, Son Young-Ok
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, 63243, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, 63243, Republic of Korea.
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, 63243, Republic of Korea.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Dec;372:123420. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123420. Epub 2024 Nov 24.
The global food demand is increasing with the world population, burdening agriculture with unprecedented challenges. Agricultural techniques that ushered in the green revolution are now unsustainable, owing to population growth and climate change. The agri-tech revolution that promises a robust, efficient, and sustainable agricultural system while enhancing food security is expected to be greatly aided by advancements in nanotechnology, which have been reviewed here. Nanofertilizers and nanoinsecticides can benefit agricultural practices economically without major environment impact. Owing to their unique size and features, nano-agrochemicals provide enhanced delivery of active ingredients and increased bioavailability, and posing lesser environment hazard. Nano-agrochemicals should be improved for increased efficiency in the future. In this context, nanocomposites have drawn considerable interest with regard to food security. Nanocomposites can overcome the drawbacks of chemical fertilizers and improve plant output and nutrient bioavailability. Similarly, metallic and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially improve sustainable agriculture via better plant development, increased nutrient uptake, and soil healing. Hence, they can be employed as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, and nanoherbicides. Nanotechnology is also being used to enhance crop production via genetic modification of traits for efficient use of soil nutrients and higher yields. Furthermore, NPs can help plants overcome salinity stress-induced oxidative damage. We also review the fate of NPs in the soil system, plants, animals, and humans, highlight the shortcomings of previous research, and offer suggestions for toxicity studies that would aid regulatory bodies and benefit the agrochemical sector, consequently promoting efficient and sustainable use of nano-agrochemicals.
随着世界人口增长，全球粮食需求不断增加，给农业带来了前所未有的挑战。由于人口增长和气候变化，引发绿色革命的农业技术如今已难以为继。有望打造一个强大、高效且可持续的农业系统同时增强粮食安全的农业科技革命，预计将在很大程度上受益于纳米技术的进步，本文对此进行了综述。纳米肥料和纳米杀虫剂可在不对环境造成重大影响的情况下，从经济上惠及农业生产实践。由于其独特的尺寸和特性，纳米农用化学品能增强活性成分的递送并提高生物利用度，且对环境危害较小。未来应改进纳米农用化学品以提高效率。在此背景下，纳米复合材料在粮食安全方面引发了广泛关注。纳米复合材料可克服化肥的缺点，提高作物产量和养分生物利用度。同样，金属和聚合物纳米颗粒可通过促进植物更好地生长、增加养分吸收以及修复土壤等方式，潜在地改善可持续农业。因此，它们可用作纳米肥料、纳米农药和纳米除草剂。纳米技术还被用于通过对性状进行基因改造来提高作物产量，以实现土壤养分的高效利用和更高的产量。此外，纳米颗粒可帮助植物克服盐胁迫诱导的氧化损伤。我们还综述了纳米颗粒在土壤系统、植物、动物和人类中的归宿，突出了以往研究的不足，并为毒性研究提供建议，这将有助于监管机构并使农用化学品行业受益，从而促进纳米农用化学品的高效和可持续利用。
