Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Amesys India, Cross Road No. 4, Near Geeta Gopal Bhawan, Ambala Cantt-133001, Haryana, India.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2021 Mar 4;23(2):213-239. doi: 10.1039/d0em00404a.
Modern agricultural practices have triggered the process of agricultural pollution. This process can cause the degradation of eco-systems, land, and environment owing to the modern-day by-products of agriculture. The substantial use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and, contaminated water for irrigation cause further damage to agriculture. The current scenario of the agriculture and food sector has therefore become unsustainable. Nanotechnology has provided innovative and resourceful frontiers to the agriculture sector by contributing practical applications in conventional agricultural ways and practices. There is a large possibility that agri-nanotechnology can have a significant impact on the sustainable agriculture and crop growth. Recent research has shown the potential of nanotechnology in improving the agriculture sector by enhancing the efficiency of agricultural inputs and providing solutions to agricultural problems for improving food productivity and security. The prospective use of nanoscale agrochemicals such as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanosensors, and nanoformulations in agriculture has transformed traditional agro-practices, making them more sustainable and efficient. However, the application of these nano-products in real field situations raises concern about nanomaterial safety, exposure levels, and toxicological repercussions to the environment and human health. The present review gives an insight into recent advancements in nanotechnology-based agrochemicals that have revolutionized the agriculture sector. Further, the implementation barriers related to the nanomaterial use in agriculture, their commercialization potential, and the need for policy regulations to assess possible nano-agricultural risks are also discussed.
现代农业实践引发了农业污染过程。由于现代农业的副产品，这种过程会导致生态系统、土地和环境退化。大量使用化肥、农药和受污染的水进行灌溉会对农业造成进一步的破坏。因此，农业和粮食部门的现状变得不可持续。纳米技术通过在传统农业方式和实践中提供实用应用，为农业部门提供了创新和丰富的前沿领域。农业纳米技术很有可能对可持续农业和作物生长产生重大影响。最近的研究表明，纳米技术有可能通过提高农业投入的效率，并为提高粮食生产力和安全性提供农业问题的解决方案，从而改善农业部门。在农业中使用纳米级农用化学品，如纳米肥料、纳米农药、纳米传感器和纳米制剂，已经改变了传统的农业实践，使它们更加可持续和高效。然而，这些纳米产品在实际田间情况下的应用引起了人们对纳米材料安全性、暴露水平以及对环境和人类健康的毒理学影响的关注。本综述介绍了基于纳米技术的农用化学品的最新进展，这些进展彻底改变了农业部门。此外，还讨论了与纳米材料在农业中的使用相关的实施障碍、它们的商业化潜力以及评估可能的纳米农业风险所需的政策法规。
