Adewuyi Esther, Chorya Harshal, Muili Abdulbasit, Moradeyo Abdulrahmon, Kayode Ayomide, Naik Aastha, Odedele Temitayo, Opabode Muntaqim
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Ladoke Akintola University Medical Journal Club, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Baroda Medical College, India.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2025 Feb;206:104575. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104575. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
Recent advancements in the treatment of osteosarcoma, a rare and aggressive form of bone cancer, have seen significant progress with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Chemotherapy, the conventional approach, has witnessed refined drug regimens and novel agents tailored to enhance efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. This evolution aims to strike a balance between eradicating cancer cells and preserving patients' overall well-being. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising avenue, leveraging the body's immune system to recognize and combat cancer cells. Innovative immunotherapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T cell therapy, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, exhibit the potential to enhance immune responses against osteosarcoma. Moreover, targeted therapy, designed to disrupt specific molecular pathways crucial for cancer growth, has gained traction in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Precision medicine approaches, such as identifying biomarkers and employing targeted agents, aim to tailor therapies to individual patients, maximizing effectiveness while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissues. This article analyzes the current state of these three treatment modalities while comparing the efficacies of current chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy agents.
骨肉瘤是一种罕见且侵袭性强的骨癌，其治疗方面的最新进展在化疗、免疫疗法和靶向疗法上取得了显著进步。化疗作为传统方法，出现了更精细的药物方案以及为提高疗效同时尽量减少不良反应而量身定制的新型药物。这种演变旨在在根除癌细胞和维护患者整体健康之间取得平衡。免疫疗法已成为一条有前景的途径，利用人体免疫系统来识别和对抗癌细胞。创新的免疫治疗策略，包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继性T细胞疗法和嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞疗法，显示出增强针对骨肉瘤免疫反应的潜力。此外，旨在破坏对癌症生长至关重要的特定分子途径的靶向疗法在骨肉瘤治疗中也越来越受到关注。精准医学方法，如识别生物标志物和使用靶向药物，旨在为个体患者量身定制治疗方案，在使疗效最大化的同时尽量减少对健康组织的附带损害。本文分析了这三种治疗方式的现状，同时比较了当前化疗、免疫疗法和靶向治疗药物的疗效。
