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EARLY FLOWERING 4 样基因在调控开花和叶片衰老过程中的双重作用。

Dual roles of pear EARLY FLOWERING 4 -like genes in regulating flowering and leaf senescence.

机构信息

School of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China.

Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Breeding, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 210095, China.

出版信息

BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Nov 25;24(1):1117. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05850-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12870-024-05850-7
PMID:39581970
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11587779/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Flowering is a critical agronomic trait in fruit tree cultivation, essential for sexual reproduction and fruit yield. Circadian clock system, governing processes such as flowering, growth, and hormone signaling, plays a key role in plant adaptability. While some clock-related genes influencing pear flowering have been studied, the role of the PbELF4 (EARLY FLOWERING 4) family remains largely unexplored.

RESULTS

In this study, we identified five ELF4 homologous genes within the pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) genome. Phylogenetic analysis delineated two distinct groups within the PbELF4 genes, with PbELF4a and PbELF4b clustering with AtELF4. Expression profiling across various pear tissues revealed diverse expression patterns. Diurnal rhythms of PbELF4 genes were discernible in pear leaves, suggesting potential regulatory roles. Ectopic overexpression of PbELF4a and PbELF4b in Arabidopsis significantly delayed flowering and suppressed the expression of flowering-related genes. Additionally, PbELF4b overexpression induced premature leaf senescence, evidenced by reduced chlorophyll content and increased expression of senescence-associated genes. Nuclear localization of PbELF4a and PbELF4b proteins was observed, and interaction assays revealed that PbELF4a interacted with PbELF3α.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings underscore the conserved function of PbELF4a and PbELF4b as negative regulators of flowering time, with PbELF4b also demonstrating a positive role in leaf senescence.

摘要

背景

开花是果树栽培中的一个关键农艺性状，对有性繁殖和果实产量至关重要。生物钟系统调控着开花、生长和激素信号等过程，在植物适应性中起着关键作用。虽然已经研究了一些影响梨开花的与生物钟相关的基因，但 PbELF4（EARLY FLOWERING 4）家族的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。

结果

本研究在梨基因组中鉴定了五个 ELF4 同源基因。系统发育分析将 PbELF4 基因划分为两个不同的组，其中 PbELF4a 和 PbELF4b 与 AtELF4 聚类。在各种梨组织中的表达谱分析显示出不同的表达模式。在梨叶片中可以观察到 PbELF4 基因的昼夜节律，表明其可能具有调节作用。拟南芥中 PbELF4a 和 PbELF4b 的异位过表达显著延迟了开花，并抑制了开花相关基因的表达。此外，PbELF4b 的过表达诱导了叶片早衰，表现在叶绿素含量降低和衰老相关基因表达增加。观察到 PbELF4a 和 PbELF4b 蛋白的核定位，相互作用实验表明 PbELF4a 与 PbELF3α 相互作用。

结论

这些发现强调了 PbELF4a 和 PbELF4b 作为开花时间负调节剂的保守功能，而 PbELF4b 还在叶片衰老中表现出积极作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/6d14322f0a13/12870_2024_5850_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/fca5694dacff/12870_2024_5850_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/4c861b7eeb7e/12870_2024_5850_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/3337cff34355/12870_2024_5850_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/00f687f0bd24/12870_2024_5850_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/975ed4934d80/12870_2024_5850_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/c9fd3b477cfc/12870_2024_5850_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/effccb51d8e6/12870_2024_5850_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/6d14322f0a13/12870_2024_5850_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/fca5694dacff/12870_2024_5850_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/4c861b7eeb7e/12870_2024_5850_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/3337cff34355/12870_2024_5850_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/00f687f0bd24/12870_2024_5850_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/975ed4934d80/12870_2024_5850_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/c9fd3b477cfc/12870_2024_5850_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/effccb51d8e6/12870_2024_5850_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d421/11587779/6d14322f0a13/12870_2024_5850_Fig8_HTML.jpg

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