Jin Pan, Liu Huan, Chen Xichi, Liu Wei, Jiang Tongmeng
Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China.
Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Haikou Trauma, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
Biomater Res. 2024 Nov 22;28:0110. doi: 10.34133/bmr.0110. eCollection 2024.
Cartilage repair is the key to the treatment of joint-related injury. However, because cartilage lacks vessels and nerves, its self-repair ability is extremely low. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer nanovesicles with membranes mainly composed of ceramides, cholesterol, phosphoglycerides, and long-chain free fatty acids, containing DNA, RNA, and proteins (such as integrins and enzymes). For mediating intercellular communication and regulating mechanisms, EVs have been shown by multiple studies to be effective treatment options for cartilage repair. This review summarizes recent findings of different sources (mammals, plants, and bacteria) and uses of EVs in cartilage repair, mechanisms of EVs captured by injured chondrocytes, and quantification and storage of EVs, which may provide scientific guidance for promoting the development of EVs in the field of cartilage injury treatment.
软骨修复是关节相关损伤治疗的关键。然而，由于软骨缺乏血管和神经，其自我修复能力极低。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是双层纳米囊泡，其膜主要由神经酰胺、胆固醇、磷酸甘油酯和长链游离脂肪酸组成，包含DNA、RNA和蛋白质（如整合素和酶）。多项研究表明，EVs作为介导细胞间通讯和调节机制的物质，是软骨修复的有效治疗选择。本文综述了不同来源（哺乳动物、植物和细菌）的EVs在软骨修复中的最新研究结果、损伤软骨细胞捕获EVs的机制以及EVs的定量和储存，这可能为促进EVs在软骨损伤治疗领域的发展提供科学指导。
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