Daru Barnabas H
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Ecology. 2025 Jan;106(1):e4462. doi: 10.1002/ecy.4462. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
Butterflies represent a diverse group of insects, playing key ecosystem roles such as pollination and their larval form engage in herbivory. Despite their importance, comprehensive global distribution data for butterfly species are lacking. This lack of comprehensive global data has hindered many large-scale questions in ecology, evolutionary biology, and conservation at the regional and global scales. Here, I use an integrative workflow that combines occurrence records, alpha hull polygons, species' dispersal capacity, and natural habitat and environmental variables within a framework of species distribution models to generate species-level native distributions for butterflies at a global scale in the contemporary period. The database releases native range maps for 10,372 extant species of butterflies at a spatial grain resolution of 5 arcmin (~10 km). This database has the potential to allow unprecedented large-scale analyses in ecology, biogeography, and conservation of butterflies. The maps are available in the WGS84 coordinate reference system (EPSG:4326 code) and stored as vector polygons in the GEOPACKAGE format for maximum compression, allowing easy data manipulation using a standard computer. I additionally provide each species' spatial raster. All maps and R scripts are open access and available for download in Dryad and Zenodo, respectively, and are guided by FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) data principles. By making these data available to the scientific community, I aim to advance the sharing of biological data to stimulate more comprehensive research in ecology, biogeography, and conservation of butterflies.
蝴蝶是一类多样的昆虫，在生态系统中发挥着关键作用，如授粉，其幼虫形态则以植物为食。尽管它们很重要，但缺乏关于蝴蝶物种的全面全球分布数据。这种全球数据的缺失阻碍了区域和全球尺度上生态学、进化生物学及保护领域的许多大规模问题的研究。在此，我采用一种综合工作流程，该流程在物种分布模型框架内结合出现记录、阿尔法凸包多边形、物种扩散能力以及自然栖息地和环境变量，以生成当代全球尺度上蝴蝶物种水平的原生分布。该数据库以5弧分（约10千米）的空间粒度分辨率发布了10372种现存蝴蝶的原生范围地图。这个数据库有潜力实现对蝴蝶生态学、生物地理学和保护方面前所未有的大规模分析。这些地图采用WGS84坐标参考系统（EPSG:4326代码），并以GEOPACKAGE格式存储为矢量多边形以实现最大程度压缩，便于使用标准计算机进行数据处理。我还提供了每个物种的空间栅格。所有地图和R脚本均开放获取，分别可在Dryad和Zenodo上下载，并遵循FAIR（可查找、可访问、可互操作和可重用）数据原则。通过向科学界提供这些数据，我的目标是推动生物数据的共享，以促进对蝴蝶生态学、生物地理学和保护方面更全面的研究。
