Tseng Han-Yun, Chasteen Alison L, Diehl Manfred
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University.
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.
Psychol Aging. 2025 Mar;40(2):147-158. doi: 10.1037/pag0000867. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
Negative views of aging (VoA) present a motivational barrier to healthy aging. Although prior interventions have demonstrated success in making adults' negative VoA more positive, reliance on self-report-based explicit measures is insufficient to examine whether these interventions also affected individuals' implicit VoA. Thus, this study assessed the impact of the AgingPLUS program, a 4-week psychoeducational intervention, on implicit measures of VoA in a randomized controlled trial. Participants aged 45-75 years ( = 60.1 years, = 8.3) were randomized to either the AgingPLUS program (n = 162) or a health education control group ( = 173). Implicit VoA were assessed using two computer-administered tasks: the Implicit Association Test and a lexical decision-making task. Data on implicit VoA were collected at baseline and two follow-up assessments over a 32-week period and analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. The results showed limited evidence of temporal changes or group differences regarding implicit VoA. However, participants with more positive baseline implicit VoA demonstrated greater improvements in explicit VoA, particularly in their awareness of age-related gains. Overall, explicit intervention approaches, such as the AgingPLUS program, can lead to substantial improvements in adults' self-reported VoA, although their effect on implicit VoA remains unclear. The findings underscore the importance of future interventions to (a) evaluate both explicit and implicit VoA and (b) tailor intervention designs to specific outcomes to achieve sustained, long-term positive changes in negative VoA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
对衰老的负面看法是健康衰老的一个动机障碍。尽管先前的干预措施已成功使成年人对衰老的负面看法变得更加积极，但仅依靠基于自我报告的显性测量方法不足以检验这些干预措施是否也影响了个体对衰老的隐性看法。因此，本研究在一项随机对照试验中评估了为期4周的心理教育干预项目“AgingPLUS”对衰老隐性看法测量指标的影响。年龄在45 - 75岁（平均年龄 = 60.1岁，标准差 = 8.3）的参与者被随机分为“AgingPLUS”项目组（n = 162）或健康教育对照组（n = 173）。使用两项计算机管理任务评估衰老隐性看法：内隐联想测验和词汇决策任务。在32周期间的基线期以及两次随访评估中收集关于衰老隐性看法的数据，并使用线性混合效应模型进行分析。结果显示，关于衰老隐性看法的时间变化或组间差异的证据有限。然而，基线期衰老隐性看法更积极的参与者在显性衰老看法方面有更大改善，尤其是在对与年龄相关收获的认知方面。总体而言，像“AgingPLUS”项目这样的显性干预方法可以使成年人自我报告的衰老看法有显著改善，尽管其对衰老隐性看法的影响仍不明确。这些发现强调了未来干预措施的重要性，即（a）同时评估显性和隐性衰老看法，以及（b）根据特定结果调整干预设计，以实现对衰老负面看法的持续、长期积极改变。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
